2.3 Czechoslovakia, 1968-69 

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  • 2.3 Czechoslovakia, 1968-69
    • Opposition to Soviet Control
      • Stalin supported a coup establishing a pro-soviet communist government
        • 1948
        • Leader was Klement Gottwald
        • Life was difficult for Czech people
          • No freedom of speech
          • Czech economy was run for Soviet Benefit
          • Purges (1949-1954)
    • 'Prague Spring'
      • Alex Dubcek elected as First Secretary of Communist Party
        • "Socialism with a human face"
          • Made reforms (Prague Spring)
            • Censorship was relaxed
            • Trade Unions had more power
            • Regional Governments had more power
            • Trade with West increased
            • Freedom of movement
            • Idea of multi-party elections
        • 1968
      • Consequences
        • Czech - happy
        • Moscow - Not happy
        • Brezhnev (new Soviet Leader in 1968) didn't approve
          • Other countries would want similar reforms
      • Impacts
        • Communist Countries
          • Italy and France cut links to Moscow
          • Yugoslavia and Romania condemned Soviet Invasion
          • East Germany and Poland welcomed Brezhnev's actions
          • More Soviet control of members of Warsaw Pact
        • USA + USSR relations
          • USA + West were outraged
          • Attempt at formal resolution which was vetoed
          • USA would not actively oppose Soviet control in Europe.
        • USA's International Reputation
          • USA began to adopt a period of Détente w/ USSR
            • Other countries saw USA talk but not take action
    • Soviet Reaction to Prague Spring
      • 20 August 1968
        • 500,000 Warsaw troops invaded Czechslovakia
          • Little/no opposition
      • Dubcek was arrested, sent to Moscow and made to reverse his reforms
        • Gustav Husak replaced him in 1969
          • Loyal to Moscow
            • Soviet-Approved Communist Rule
    • Untitled
    • Brezhnev Doctrine
      • West thought actions looked like an aggressive attempt to dominate another European country
      • 26 September 1968
        • Brezhnev stated that actions of an individual communist country affects all communist countries
        • Countries should prevent threats

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