ALEXANDER II CONDENSED
- Created by: tombarlowwww
- Created on: 08-06-17 12:20
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- Alexander II
- Background 1855:
- underdeveloped
- 11:1 - village to town dwellers
- 85% illiterate peasants
- Motives for reform
- Political - nobles debt and declining income
- Economic - mir prevented movement and serfs heavy tax
- 54 million debt 1859
- social - westernisers & Nihilists - no autocracy
- Procedure
- 1861 - private serfs, 1866 - state serfs
- not liberating
- 49 redemption payments
- mir collect tax and landowners keep land.
- Further reform
- Military 1874 - conscription, service 25 - 15
- Local gov 1864 - zemstva, councils and a vote (weighed 5:1)
- Judicial 1864 - equal judgement, permanent judges, better pay
- Education 1864 - free primary, self-govern UNI 1863 - numbers doubled.
- Opposition
- 1862 Young Russia - 1863 The organisation, led to zemstva restricted.
- Russo-Turkish war and famine 1870s led to Peoples Will (black partition) 1879 - assassinated tsar 1881
- Background 1855:
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