B4 Enzymes Additional Science

Enzymes and basic information about them.

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  • B4 Enzymes
    • Enzymes are Protein Molecules.
      • They are known as Biological Catalysts ( they speed up chemical processes in living things).
      • Enzymes are made from DNA coding.
      • The name of an Enzyme usually ends in ASE.
      • An Enzyme with a Substrate Molecule in an Enzymes Active Sight ( so complete) is called an Enzyme Substrate Complex.
      • The part that an Enzyme takes in is called a Substrate Molecule.
    • Enzymes need a specific temperature to work at their optimum.
      • Enzymes also need a specific ph level to work at their optimum.
      • At low temperatures, small increases in temperature cause an increase in the frequency and energy of collisions between reactants and enzymes, so the rate of reaction increases
      • After the optimum enzyme activity is reached, an enzyme starts to become damaged so the reaction slows down; eventually the enzyme becomes permanently damaged; this means the enzyme is now DENATURED.
      • The Lock and Key Model.
        • Only a molecule with the correct shape can fit into an Enzyme.
        • This is like a Key fitting into a Lock, only one Key fits the Lock.
        • The process of the Lock and Key process goes as: 1) The reaction takes place. 2) The products are released. 3) The process is able to start again.
        • Active Sight.
          • The Active Sight is the place where the Substrate Molecule fits into the Enzyme.
          • Each Enzyme has a different shape so its highly specific.
          • The shape of the Active Sight can change irreversibly by extreme ph levels and high temperatures.
      • An Enzyme that has an increase in temperature has an increase in Collisions.

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