Causes of drought
- Created by: eviedeehan
- Created on: 08-03-24 18:44
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- Causes of Drought
- Types of Drought
- meteorological - presents a degree of dryness compared to what is considered normal precipitation for the area, climate and season
- agricultural - when there is insufficient water for crops - loss of crops
- hydrological - drainage basins suffers shortfalls such as reduced streamflow or an increase of river flow into the reservoirs
- socio-economic - demand for water for reasons e.g crop irrigation or when HEP exceeds water availability
- ENSO - El Nino
- winds weaken and reverse direction
- warm water moves to the South American coastline - low air pressure causes large increases in rainfall - more flood
- Australia - cooler ocean temperatures and high air pressure - little rainfall and risk of drought
- ENSO - La Nina
- reverse of El Nino risks
- short term precipitation deficit
- change of weather front
- Human Causes - Brazil
- 2014-15 - industries, farmers and domestic users using groundwater till rivers run low
- poor and rural communities are suffering because they only had access to groundwater
- Gov introduced charge for drilling wells - $35,000 to $100,000
- residents drilled illegally because they could not afford the charge - not monitored
- official records of wells drilled in 2014 only represent 1/3 of total
- residents drilled illegally because they could not afford the charge - not monitored
- water from illegal wells are shallow - may have more agricultural pollutants and bacteria
- increase in poor sanitation, water borne diseases
- 2014-15 - industries, farmers and domestic users using groundwater till rivers run low
- Types of Drought
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