Causes of Flooding
- Created by: eviedeehan
- Created on: 09-03-24 10:19
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- Causes of Flooding
- Human Causes
- removal of vegetation - deforestation etc - less interception and infiltration - more surface runoff
- agriculture - demand for food increases - soil erosion and surface runoff - more sediment in river means reduced capacity and more flood risk
- urbanisation - impermable surfaces - no infiltration and more surface runoff - enters drainage system, reduce lack time and increase peak discharge
- floodplain drainage - fertile so good farmland but drying out the wetland destroys habitats and shrinks the area - increasing likelihood of flooding
- river management - channelisation and straightening the river can increase flood risk e.g Mississippi - levees and man made channels restrict the river, more likely to burst
- meteorological causes
- flash flooding - quickly, w/o warning - low pressure systems create intense thunderstorms
- prolonged and heavy rain - low pressure systems - saturated soil to stop infiltration and increase runoff
- extreme monsoon rainfall - seasonal change in the direction of the winds as the ITCZ moves north
- India and SE Asia are at risk to this - extreme rainfall in April-September
- snowmelt - temperatures increase after winter - increased surface runoff
- La Nina - warm water and low air pressure to Australia so rainfall increases
- Human Causes
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