A2 Biology Chapter 6
- Created by: Chloesn
- Created on: 16-09-14 20:23
View mindmap
- Chapter 6 Respiration
- ATP
- 3 Phosphate
- Ribose sugar unit
- Adenine
- Remove phosphate in one mole
- 30.5kJ
- Hydrolysis catalysed by ATPases
- 30.5kJ
- ADP
- AMP
- Glycolysis
- Metabolic pathway
- Cytoplasm
- Adding phosphate groups
- Hexose biphosphate
- Phosphorylation
- Split
- Two triose phosphate
- Oxidised to pyruvate
- Catalysed by dehydrogenase
- Only work if NAD is present
- Coenzyme
- Reduced
- Which is then reduced NADH/H+
- Only work if NAD is present
- Two ADP converted to ATP per triose
- What happends depends on oxygen
- Aerobic respiration
- Pyruvate moved into mitochondria
- Active transport
- Decarboxylated
- CO2 waste diffuses out
- Two carbon compound
- Hydrogen also removed
- Makes NADH/H+
- Remainder combines with coenzyme A
- Acetyl CoA
- Combines with
- Coenzyme A released
- Remainder combines with coenzyme A
- Acetyl CoA
- Combines with
- Coenzyme A released
- Oxcaloacetate 4C
- Coenzyme A released
- Combines with
- Acetyl CoA
- Remainder combines with coenzyme A
- Oxcaloacetate 4C
- Coenzyme A released
- Combines with
- Acetyl CoA
- Pyruvate moved into mitochondria
- Aerobic respiration
- Catalysed by dehydrogenase
- Oxidised to pyruvate
- Two triose phosphate
- Hexose biphosphate
- The link reaction
- The matrix
- Pyruvate moved into mitochondria
- Active transport
- Decarboxylated
- CO2 waste diffuses out
- Two carbon compound
- Hydrogen also removed
- Makes NADH/H+
- The Krebs cycle
- The matrix
- Each step catalysed by specific enzyme
- Oxidoreductases/dehydrogenases
- Decarboxylases
- One turn ATP produced
- Substrate-level phosphorylation
- NADH/H+ and FADH2 used significantly
- Releases hydrogen
- Splits H+ + e-
- Releases hydrogen
- Oxidative phosphorylation
- Oxygen to produce ATP from ADP + Pi
- Anaerobic respiration
- Glycolysis can still take place
- Pyruvate + NADH/H+ = lactate + NAD
- Small amounts of ATP 2 per glucose
- Lactate build up
- Skeletal muscle
- Top up ATP
- Anaerobic respiration
- Glycolysis can still take place
- Pyruvate + NADH/H+ = lactate + NAD
- Small amounts of ATP 2 per glucose
- Lactate build up
- Skeletal muscle
- Top up ATP
- Top up ATP
- Diffuses into plasma
- Hapatocytes absorb
- Converted to pyruvate
- Oxidised using link reaction and krebs when O2 plenty
- Untitled
- Oxidised using link reaction and krebs when O2 plenty
- Some to glycogen
- Oxygen debt
- Converted to pyruvate
- Hapatocytes absorb
- Skeletal muscle
- Anaerobic respiration
- Top up ATP
- Diffuses into plasma
- Hapatocytes absorb
- Converted to pyruvate
- Oxidised using link reaction and krebs when O2 plenty
- Untitled
- Oxidised using link reaction and krebs when O2 plenty
- Some to glycogen
- Oxygen debt
- Converted to pyruvate
- Hapatocytes absorb
- Skeletal muscle
- Anaerobic respiration in yeast
- Pyruvate decarboxylated to ethanal
- Accepts H+ from NADH/H+
- Reducing it to ethanol
- Accepts H+ from NADH/H+
- Pyruvate decarboxylated to ethanal
- Mitochondria
- Envelope
- Intermembrane space
- Inner membrane
- Cristae
- Outer membrane
- Envelope
- Electron transport chain
- Inner membrane
- Electron carriers
- First one picks up e
- Splits H+ + e-
- Carrier now reduced
- NADH/H+ oxidised
- Reused as coenzyme
- The Krebs cycle
- Each step catalysed by specific enzyme
- Oxidoreductases/dehydrogenases
- Decarboxylases
- One turn ATP produced
- Substrate-level phosphorylation
- NADH/H+ and FADH2 used significantly
- Releases hydrogen
- Releases hydrogen
- Each step catalysed by specific enzyme
- The Krebs cycle
- Reused as coenzyme
- NADH/H+ oxidised
- Passes e to next in chain
- First now oxidised
- All along chain
- As e is moved energy released
- to make ATP
- At the end
- e- + H+ + O = H2O
- O final e- acceptor
- e- + H+ + O = H2O
- As e is moved energy released
- First one picks up e
- Electron carriers
- Synthesis/chemiosmosis
- Some energy used to pump H+ across
- Electrochemical gradient
- They diffuse through special channels
- Act as ATPases
- Energy gained form active transport
- Used to make ATP from ADP + pi
- Against concentration gradient
- Energy gained form active transport
- Act as ATPases
- Some energy used to pump H+ across
- Inner membrane
- Evidence
- pH gradient
- Membranes can make ATP with no ETC
- Chemicals preventing H+ transport also stop ATP production
- No outer membrane
- How much ATP?
- 32
- Need ADP + Pi
- NADH/H+ produce 2and1/2
- FADH2 produce 1and1/2
- ATP
- FAD
- Reduced FAD
- NADH/H+
- NAD
- NAD
- NADH/H+
Comments
No comments have yet been made