Class Difference in Achievement (EX)
- Created by: MeganWilson1115
- Created on: 07-06-18 14:49
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- Class Difference in Achievement (EX)
- Cultural Deprivation
- Parents Level of Education
- Middle class parents understand the school system better, fe exam boards, educational resources, future careers and such
- Low class parents struggle with things like parents evening, subject concerns and option choices
- Restricted Language Codes
- Bernstein (1971) argued that there are two types of language codes; elaborated code and restricted code.
- Middle class parents, teachers, text books and other educational resources use elaborated code
- Low class families tend to have a restricted code due to being undereducated and illiterate
- Subcultural Attitudes and Value
- Sugarman (1970) and Hyman (1967) state that working class subcultures have four key features that act as a barrier to achievement
- Fatalism: A belief in fate - what will be will be and there is nothing you can do to change your status
- Collectivism: Valuing being part of a group rather than succeeding as an individual
- Immediate Gratification: Seeing pleasure now rather than make sacrfices and waiting for it
- Present Time Orientation: seeing the present as more important than the future and having long term goals
- Cultural Capital
- Cultural capital can be turned into educational capita, leading to economic capital
- Parents Level of Education
- Material Deprivation
- Poverty and Home Circumstance
- Walfogel and Washrbrrok (2010) found that poorer children are more likely to limp in damp, crowded accommodation that is dark, unclean and unsafe making it hard to play and revise
- Cooper and Stewart (2013) found that money makes a difference - poorer children have worse cognitive, social behavioral and health outcomes
- Catchment Area
- Schools in deprived areas are more likely to have discipline issues which prevent learning and result in higher teacher turnover
- Schools in a more middle class areas have stronger, more conformist role models and a better learning environment
- Diet and Health
- Howard (2001) notes that young people in deprivation have poorer nutritional health, this weaken their immune systems and means that they have difficulty concentrating in lessons
- Wilkinson (1996) recognized that in ten year olds the lower the social class the higher the rate of hyperactivity, anxiety and conduct disorders
- Poverty and Home Circumstance
- Cultural Deprivation
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