Key topic 1
- Created by: esmecav_x
- Created on: 23-12-15 19:14
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- Collapse of the tsarist regime, 1917
- The way Russia was ruled
- Geographical problems
- Many different ethnic groups or peoples
- Size
- How the tsar governed Russia
- Autocracy
- Believed he had a divine right to rule
- Tsar had council of ministers
- Thousands of tax-collectors
- The Orthodox Church
- 70% of population were members of this church
- Very closely linked to the Tsar
- Unpopular
- Geographical problems
- Nicholas 2 was a weak tsar
- Autocracy only worked if the tsar was strong
- He was ignorant of the nature / extent of opposition
- The Russian economy was so backwards in early 1900s
- Most people lived in the countryside but agriculture was poor
- Industrialization did not happen until the end of the 19th century
- Many peasants moved to towns and cities for workd
- Discontented peasant and town workers
- What life was like for the wealthy
- Aristocracy made up just over 1% of the population
- In 1914 Russia developed a middle class due to the development of industry
- What life was like for the peasants
- Life was hard
- Poor living conditions
- Life expectancy was less that 40
- Peasants felt bitter towards nobles
- Biggest, poorest group
- Town workers
- Peasants went to the towns/cities to find work
- Terrible conditions
- Earned low wages and worked long hours
- Forbidden to start trade unions to fight for better conditions
- What life was like for the wealthy
- Growth of opposition to Nicholas 2
- 'Bloody Sunday'
- Peaceful march by 200,000 people to the tsar's winter palace
- Tsar was not in palace
- 1905 Revolution
- Bloody Sunday and the defeat in the war with Japan
- Strikes and mutiny in navy
- Tsar issued October manifesto
- Warning tsar of need for change
- Failure of Dumas
- Nicholas 2 made sure that after 1905 Duma had little power
- Tsar had power to dissolve duma and change the rules by which it was elected
- Tsar went against October manifesto
- Industrial unrest
- Poor living / working conditions
- Rasputin
- Tsar and tsarina relied on help / guidance of Rasputin
- Position at court grew
- Ammunition for those who did not like the tsarina
- 'Bloody Sunday'
- Political groups opposed the tsar
- Social Democratic Party
- Followed teachings or Karl Marx
- Believed that workers would stage a revolution and remove the tsar
- Bolsheviks
- Mensheviks
- Socialist Revolutionaries
- Revolution by peasants and aimed to get rid of the tsar
- Share all land among peasants
- Some wanted to use terror or constitutional methods
- Constitutional Democratic Party
- Wanted a constitutional monarch and elected parliament
- Led by Milyukov
- Some were prepared to set up a republic
- Octobrists
- Set up after October manifesto
- Believed tsar would carry out his manifesto promises
- Led by Guchkov
- Most support came from middle classes
- Social Democratic Party
- The way Russia was ruled
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