Collectivisation / Five year plans STALIN
- Created by: ameliaindiaallen
- Created on: 23-04-19 19:43
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- Collectives
- Trigger: famine 1927-28
- Motives: socialism in the countryside
- Removing NEP
- Eradicating Kulaks
- The process of bringing a number of small farms together to build bigger farms
- To collaborate and produce more food
- Utilising land in the optimum way
- Before Stalin, only 3% of peasant farmers worked on collectives
- Requisitioning was part of collectives
- Kulaks sent to the Gulags
- 1928-30 - 6-18m people
- By 1941; 98%
- = Famine 1932-34
- Poor harvests from weather conditions
- Death penalty imposed for stealing grain
- Peasants who ate their own seed corn = executed
- Economic
- Workers struggled to meet these unrealistic targets
- Coal 1928 = 35.5m tonnes ---- 1940 = 166m
- False claims of production levels were submitted
- Due to climate of fear
- This fabrication backfired as Stalin revised these figures
- New industrial towns developed - Magnitogorsk
- Targets set by Gosplan
- Successes
- Metals were mined for the first time
- Copper
- Zinc
- Electricity industry boomed
- More regular employment
- More stable incomes
- Greater access to housing and education
- Electricity to some villages
- Building of schools
- First health care
- High literacy rates
- Late 1920s - progress in agriculture
- 1930s - stagnation but not decline
- 1922 - 50.3m tonnes of grain ----- 1930 - 83.5m
- Limitations
- workers rights = disappeared
- Range of punishments
- Labour camps
- Food rationing
- Higher prices
- Lower living standards
- death penalty
- Gulags
- Targets not met
- Shortage of workers - due to purges and show trials
- Increase in output of heavy industry
- New industrial centres emerged
- REASONS
- For Russia to become a major industrial force
- Prepare for potential conflict with Capitalist enemies
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