Conflict over water

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  • Conflict over water
    • International Conflict over water
      • River Nile - 6700 km long and shared between 11 nations including Uganda, Burundi, Sundan, Kenya and Egypt - river is a vital resource
        • Egypt has threatened any country upstream of them that tries to dam the Nile River with war
        • in 1929 - Nile agreement between Egypt and UK gave Egypt complete anonymity over developments on the Nile - did not include any other countries
        • in 2011 - Ethiopia began the construction of a Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam which Egypt contested
          • 2015 - Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan signed an agreement over the dam
      • River Mekong - provides water for Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and China
        • chinese dams at the headwaters threaten the water availability to nation that are further downstream
    • National Conflict over Water
      • Ethiopia - internal controversy over Gilgel Gibe III Dam - $1.8 billion cost of dam and it started electricity in late 2015 - 200,000 people downstream of the Dam rely on seasonal floodwaters to replenish the dry soils for subsistence farming
      • many ethnic groups are threatened by poor crop yield - the Gilgel Gibe III Dam threatens their livelihood
        • impact on Lake Turkana - water levels could drop 10 meters increasing the salinity of the water and threatening 300,000 people and local wildlife
          • controversy - those in favour of the Dam say artificial floods could supporting the indigenous population and establishing large plantations could benefit this
            • ethiopian army - has been accused of human rights violations against those opposing the Dam and plantations

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