Conservative mindmap pt5
- Created by: ying25112004
- Created on: 10-01-23 09:09
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- One-nation conservatism
- Definition
- Updating of traditional conservatism in response to the emergence of capitalism
- Key ideas
- - Founded by Disraeli because he was worried that the government's attitude can lead to the pr despising the ruling elite and starting a revolution
- - Macmillan's one nation conservatism was most popular during 1951-64 when Conservative continued the policies of Labour in founding the NHS and continuing the economic ideas of Keynes
- - Brought into the 21st century through Cameron when he called for compassionate conservatism' and 'hug a hoodie'
- 1. Maintenance of tradition institutions 2. Imperialism united the country 3. Reform to help the working class such as the 1875 Artisan's Dwelling Act
- - Disraeli's on nation was empiricist whilst Macmillan's was rationalistic with its use of Keynes
- Early one-nation conservatism
- - Mass industrialization created inequality which can cause a revolution. Disraeli admired Burke and his ideas of hierarchical aristocracy and organic society. He admired noblesse oblige. Main aim was to make society secure by addressing tensions between rich and poor
- - Disraeli argued that "the palace is not safe when the cottage is not happy", his reforms were influences by empiricism and Burke's change to conserve e.g Representation of the People Act 1867 (enfranchised male population) and the Artisans Dwelling Act 1875 (cleared slum houses to build council houses)
- - Disraeli saw nationalism's conservative potential. The nation was an essence of the status quo and the nation-state being something all classes had a vested interest in defending
- - Endorsed state-sponsored social reform and enacted legislation that tempered the effects of laissez-faire capitalism/ individualism e.g Factory Act 1874 (restricted the freedom of factory owners)
- Later one-nation conservatism (in response to egalitarianism and fascism)
- - Churchill's housing minister Macmillan saw the building of 300,000 houses a year after WW2
- - Macmillan PM 1957-1963 championed a middle way between traditional conservatism and its laissez-faire economics wit conservatism of state planning because preserving society was important
- - Supported the rationalistic ideas of Keynes, abandoned traditions wit the Life Peerage Act 1958
- - Embraced social liberalism, the Conservative government since 1970 have supported legislation of homosexuality and abortion. Cameron in 2013 passed the Same-Sex Couples Ac
- - Soviet Union is an example of a threat posed by egalitarianism which challenged conservative belief in property, hierarchy and modest reforms. The extension of the franchise in 1918 represented the fear of egalitarianism and fear of Labour's growth
- - Between 1935-1937 there was a conservative support for the Public Health, Housing and Factory Acts. After 1945 there was an acceptance of a 'big government' embracing of Keynes, welfare states, mixed economies and state ownership of industries and services
- Christian democracy (variant of trad. conservatism)
- - Outside UK, after 1945 traditional conservatism evolved differently due to the effects f fascism
- Similar to UK trad. conservatism: - Belief in Judaeo- Christian morality. Same belief in authority and hierarchy. Social conservatism and. Skepticism to free-market economics
- Differences to UK trad. conservatism: - Wary of nationalism and patriotisms due to Nazism. Amenable to supranationalism as the Roman Catholic Church itself practices supranational authority
- - There has been a suspicion that the real aim of Christian democracy is to eliminate 'the nation' as a feature of conservative philosophy
- Definition
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