crime and punishment overview

Created by: emma.fx
Created on: 24-05-18 17:41

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crime and punishment
- medieval england (c.1000-c.1500)
  - criminal activity
    - petty theft
      - stealing food
      - stealing money
      - stealing belongings
    - threat to the King
      - rebellion
      - protest
      - attacking royal officials
  - methods of law enforcements
    - no police force
    - local community based
      - hue and cry
      - tithings
        groups of ten adult men
        
        if one breaks the law, the others have to turn him in
      - local juries vs. royal judges
        first
        local juries
        guilty or innocent
        
        trial by ordeal
        
        later
        royal judges
        travelled around the country
        
        major crimes
        coroners
        
        sheriffs
        
        parish constables
  - methods of punishment
    - death penalty
      - first
        very few offences carried the death penalty
      - later
        c.1100
        retribution
        
        deterrence
        
        execution and corporal punishments
    - compensation
      - "wergild"
    - no prisons
- early modern england (c.1500-c. 1700)
  - criminal activity
    - petty theft
    - violent crime
    - religious changes by Henry VIII (1530s)
      - protests
      - rebellion
      - treason
      - heresy
    - witchcraft
  - methods of law enforcement
    - no police force
      - parish constables
      - hue and cry
    - 1700s
      - thief takers
        bounty hunters
        
        efforts mainly confirmed to London
        crime in the countryside continued
    - court system
      - more efficient
      - quicker trials
      - royal judges
        for more serious cases
      - manor courts
        dealing with local, minor crimes
  - methods of punishment
    - deterance
      - capital punishment
      - corporal punishment
    - fear
- eighteenth and nineteenth century britain (c. 1700- c.1900)
  - criminal activity
    - 1750- 1850
      - rise in crime
      - rise in population
        11 million (1750) to 24 million (1900)
      - 1851
        majority of britain living in urban areas
        more opporunity for crime
    - less concerned about...
      - vagabondage
      - witchcraft
      - heresy
    - more concerned about...
      - highway robbery
      - smuggling
  - method of law enforcement
    - 1829
      - metropolitan police
        1850
        played an important role in capturing criminals
        
        unpopular at first
      - growth of towns prompted new methods of policing
  - methods of punishment
    - prisons
      - more common
      - ideas of reformation
        through hardwork
    - stereotypes of criminals
      - "criminal type"
      - certain physical features
- modern britain (c.1900- present)
  - criminal activity
    - 1950-1995
      - rise in crime
      - 1995-present
        slow decrease of overall crime
    - new types of crime
      - race crimes
      - drug crimes
      - cyber crimes
  - methods of law enforcements
    - 1901
      - DNA sampling
        finger printing
        
        helping with...
        tracking criminals
        
        investigating crimes
    - technology
      - radios
      - cars
      - faster response times
    - specialist police units
  - methods of punishment
    - fines are most widely used forms of punishment
    - prisons
      - serious crimes
      - repeat offenders
      - different types of prisons
        youth offenders' insitutions
        
        open prisons
    - death penalty
      - abolished 1965
    - technology
      - electronic tagging
        alternative to prisons
        
        monitoring prisoners movements

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crime and punishment overview

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