classification of disability
- Created by: Hannah Jeffery
- Created on: 23-03-16 14:01
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- Definitions and classifications of disability
- Medical model
- disability caused by a physical problem
- try to identify the physical cause and then treat it
- unchallenged until the 20th century
- still remains the most dominant view
- only a concern to the individual
- social model
- disability caused by the way society treats a physical problem
- ie barriers within the environment
- linked to civil rights movement
- began in 1980's
- led to disability discrimination act
- began in 1980's
- eg is sign language taught in schools then communication would be easier for the deaf
- try to identify the social barriers and reduce their effect
- individual doest receive treatment
- instead their environment is altered
- individual doest receive treatment
- concern to society
- disability caused by the way society treats a physical problem
- 1980s classification
- Rehabilitation
- A problem solving process aimed at minimising disability and avoiding or minimising the resultant handicap
- emphasis on
- causes of ill health
- identifiable aetiology (causes)
- Ill health depends on
- impairment
- disability
- handicap
- Application of classification
- disease
- eg cochlear degeneration
- Impairment
- bilateral hearing loss
- disability
- poor discrimination of speech especially in noise
- handicap
- cannot socialise in a noisy environment
- disease
- Rehabilitation
- Who international classification system
- classifications of disease and consequences
- common framework for disease between countries
- standardisation is important for
- Research
- clinical assessment
- education
- data collection eg population health
- evaluation
- ill health is more complex
- no consideration for interaction between disabilities, impairment and handicap
- determinisim
- impairments do not necessarily lead to disabilities
- reductionist
- other factors such as social and physical environment
- Modern classification
- Who 2001
- focus on impact rather than cause
- environment
- impact of health arises from interaction of individual and environment
- (Social and Physical)
- universality
- views health as a scale that everyone is on
- disability is not a minority group
- views health as a scale that everyone is on
- New model of disability
- combines both medical and social model
- both are an over simplification
- impact of health arises from interaction of individual and environment
- combines both medical and social model
- Who International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
- Who 2001
- Medical model
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