Destruction of Plains Indian way of life (1876 - 1895)
- Created by: y13newmanj.
- Created on: 13-02-18 17:29
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- Destruction of Plains Indian way of life (1876 - 1895)
- Reservations
- From mid-1870s majority of Plains Indians prisoners on reservations
- Conditions bad - poor farm land so difficult to feed theselves
- Forced submission to government as reliant on them for handouts
- Conditions bad - poor farm land so difficult to feed theselves
- From 1876 the government had changed policy from President Grant's peace policy 1869 (stay on reservations but could leave to hunt) to peace within reservations but war without
- 1885 - government took control of all legal matters so Indians couldn't judge or punish eachother
- When Sioux banned from leaving reservations - no buffalo so economy crumbled
- From mid-1870s majority of Plains Indians prisoners on reservations
- Battle of Little Bighorn
- After Bighorn, Indians largely forced onto reservations to become farmers and Indian Agents used to control them
- Plains Indians win battle
- Mistake of army who under estimated Plains Indians
- News reached rest of America
- Encourages US Government to respond by reinforcing army (2500 troops sent West)
- Indians split into bands after facing attack
- Eventually leads to surrender of Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse - armed resistance of Sioux over.
- Indians split into bands after facing attack
- Encourages US Government to respond by reinforcing army (2500 troops sent West)
- Dawes Act (1887)
- Allows communal reservation lands to be broken up into plots of land
- Intended to destroy power of chiefs and tribal structures as they could become self-sufficient and didn't need chiefs
- Destroys nomadic lifestyle
- Further reduces land - in next 10 years land halved
- Reservations shrink
- Began from 1871 Appropriations Act
- Stopped treating Plains Indians as individual sovereign nations - stole freedom
- Allows communal reservation lands to be broken up into plots of land
- Religion
- Banned religious ceremonies such as sun dance
- Government tried to replace with Christianity
- Undermined spiritual beliefs - no buffalo no dance
- Banned religious ceremonies such as sun dance
- Education
- Young children sent to white boarding schools and brought up for white man's world
- Couldn't speak native language, denied practice of own religion and respect of traditional way of life
- If Sioux resisted - rations stopped
- Couldn't speak native language, denied practice of own religion and respect of traditional way of life
- Young children sent to white boarding schools and brought up for white man's world
- Reservations
- Causes
- Army trying to attack Sioux that hadn't returned to reservations (Sitting Bull & Crazy Horse)
- Battle of Little Bighorn
- After Bighorn, Indians largely forced onto reservations to become farmers and Indian Agents used to control them
- Plains Indians win battle
- Mistake of army who under estimated Plains Indians
- News reached rest of America
- Encourages US Government to respond by reinforcing army (2500 troops sent West)
- Indians split into bands after facing attack
- Eventually leads to surrender of Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse - armed resistance of Sioux over.
- Indians split into bands after facing attack
- Encourages US Government to respond by reinforcing army (2500 troops sent West)
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