Electrocardiograph (ECG)
- Created by: Mia Funess-Wiles
- Created on: 26-10-16 21:21
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- Electrocardiograph (ECG)
- ECG's diagnose disorders of the circulatory system
- Heart Attacks - ECG shows it as abnormal. - Heals with scar tissue
- Cornory Artery Disease
- Heart Valve Problems
- Enlarged heart caused by pregnancy - Bigger impulses on ECG
- Heart Arithmas (Irregular Heartbeats) - Fast, Slow, Irregular
- Weakening of the heart muscle
- What is an ECG?
- An ECG is a simple test which records electrical activity coming from different parts of the heart. before they contract.
- The recording is called an electrocardiogram and come in the form of a wavy line on paper or a moving line on a monitor screen which is more common.
- Preparing a patient for an ECG
- The patient undresses to the waist and lies down on a bed.
- Electrodes are attached to the patients CHEST, WRISTS and ANKLES with stick pads
- Wires link electrodes to a machine that detects and amplifies the electrical impulses that occur to each heartbeat.
- These impulses are recorded on paper or computer.
- Takes 5 minuits
- ! Sometimes malfunctions can only be seen when the heart is working quite hard. To detect these the patient may be asked to exercise on a treadmill or exercise bike while readings are taken. This is called a stress test.
- Electrodes placed elsewhere on the body reveal the activity of the arteries and veins.
- Preparing a patient for an ECG
- The patient undresses to the waist and lies down on a bed.
- Electrodes are attached to the patients CHEST, WRISTS and ANKLES with stick pads
- Wires link electrodes to a machine that detects and amplifies the electrical impulses that occur to each heartbeat.
- These impulses are recorded on paper or computer.
- Takes 5 minuits
- ! Sometimes malfunctions can only be seen when the heart is working quite hard. To detect these the patient may be asked to exercise on a treadmill or exercise bike while readings are taken. This is called a stress test.
- Electrodes placed elsewhere on the body reveal the activity of the arteries and veins.
- Takes 5 minuits
- These impulses are recorded on paper or computer.
- Wires link electrodes to a machine that detects and amplifies the electrical impulses that occur to each heartbeat.
- Electrodes are attached to the patients CHEST, WRISTS and ANKLES with stick pads
- The patient undresses to the waist and lies down on a bed.
- Takes 5 minuits
- These impulses are recorded on paper or computer.
- Wires link electrodes to a machine that detects and amplifies the electrical impulses that occur to each heartbeat.
- Electrodes are attached to the patients CHEST, WRISTS and ANKLES with stick pads
- The patient undresses to the waist and lies down on a bed.
- How is a single heartbeat decipted on an ECG?
- Cardiologists label different parts of the characteristic wave pattern with the letter P,Q,R,S and T and describe the action of the heart as the atria and ventricles contract.
- How the heart beats
- The heart is made of muscle
- The Sinotrial node (SA) and the Atrioventricular (AV) node are the two pacemakers of the heart
- They organise the contraction and relaxation of the heart to pump blood through the heart
- The contraction is started by the SA which produces an electrical signal which passes across through the heart
- This makes the atria contract to force blood through the ventricles
- The AV at the base of the atrium picks up and sends an electrical signal which passes down the 'Bundle of His'
- This makes the ventricles contract to force the blood out of the heart.
- The AV at the base of the atrium picks up and sends an electrical signal which passes down the 'Bundle of His'
- This makes the atria contract to force blood through the ventricles
- The contraction is started by the SA which produces an electrical signal which passes across through the heart
- They organise the contraction and relaxation of the heart to pump blood through the heart
- The Sinotrial node (SA) and the Atrioventricular (AV) node are the two pacemakers of the heart
- This makes the ventricles contract to force the blood out of the heart.
- The heart is made of muscle
- Advantages
- Quick/Painless
- Non -invasive
- Equipment is relatively small and cheap
- Disadvantages
- Inconclusive and usually requires further investigation (eg imaging technique) is likely to be needed to find out exactly what is needed
- How the ECG records the electrical activity of the hear.
- P Wave - Is caused by an electrical impulse spreading across the atria triggering them to contract. What if the P waves were absent/? Atrial Fibrillation
- QRS Wave - Is caused by the electrical impulse spreading to the ventricles, triggering them to contract. What if the ST elevated? Heart attack?
- T Wave - Is caused by ventricles returning to their resting state or diastole. Why may the T waves be inverted? Caused by: Smoking, Anxiety, Tachycardia or Haemorrhagee
- ECG's diagnose disorders of the circulatory system
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