Factors Affecting Eye Witness Testimony: Misleading Information
- Created by: zara.mathur
- Created on: 15-12-19 18:59
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- Factors Affecting Eye Witness Testimony: Misleading Information
- AO1
- Leading Questions
- Phrased in a way that suggests a certain response
- Can decrease the accuracy of EWT
- Response Bias
- Wording of a question changes how individuals choose a response
- Situation Bias
- Leading questions causes actual changes in the individuals memory
- Response Bias
- Incorrect info given to eye witness usually after event
- Post Event Discussion
- Co-witnesses to a crime discuss the crime with each other
- Testimonies contaminated
- Can decrease accuracy of EWT
- Combine information from other witnesses into their own memory
- Leading Questions
- AO3
- Leading questions can decrease accuracy of EWT: Loftus & Palmer
- Ps watched clips of car accidents and asked leading questions
- Different verbs used e.g. contacted, collided, smashed
- Speed affected by verb ps used
- Verb implied information about speed - affected ps memory
- Ps watched clips of car accidents and asked leading questions
- Post Event Discussion decreases accuracy of EWT: Gabbert
- Each ps watched video of same crime but filmed from different points
- Both ps discussed what they'd seen before completing recall test
- 71% ps mistakenly recalled aspects of even that they didn't see
- 0% of control group (no discussion) said the wrong thing
- Witnesses go along with each other because they believe the other witness is right/wrong (phenomenon memory conformity)
- Each ps watched video of same crime but filmed from different points
- Lack ecological validity
- In real-life instances of crime, individuals aren't prepared/may not be paying attention
- Anxiety they feel may decrease accuracy of EWT
- In a lab, ps won't experience anxiety
- Leading questions can decrease accuracy of EWT: Loftus & Palmer
- AO1
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