Female reproductive system
- Created by: Saoirse
- Created on: 22-10-14 12:18
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- Female reproductive system
- Uterine/Fallopian tubes
- transport secondary oocyte to uterus
- Narrow tube extending from ovary to uterus
- lies between folds of broad ligaments
- Anatomy
- Infundibulum: open funnel shaped portion near ovary
- Fimbrae: moving finger like processess
- Ampulla: central region of tube where sperm encounters secondary oocyte
- Isthmus: narrowest portion joining uterus
- Histology - 3 layers
- mucosa: ciliated columnar epithelium with secretory (peg) cells
- provide nutruents and cilia move ovum
- Untitled
- muscularis: circular and longitudinal smooth muscle
- peristalsis moves ovum to uterus
- serosa: outer serous membrane
- mucosa: ciliated columnar epithelium with secretory (peg) cells
- Uterus
- site of implantation of fertilised ovum
- source of menstrual flow
- Mechanical protection, nutritional support and waste removal for fetus
- muscular contractions to eject fetus at birth
- usually anteflexion position - projects anteriorly and superiorly over urinary bladder
- stabilised by round, cardinal and uterosacral ligaments
- Anatomy
- Body: largest portion, ends at isthmus
- Fundus: rounded portion of body, superior to uterine tube attachment
- Cervix: inferior portion between uterus and vagina
- Histology
- Perimetrium: incomplete serous membrane, continuous with peritoneal lining
- Myometrium: thick outer muscular layer that contacts in response to oxytocin
- Endometrium: thinner, outer glandular layer that supports growing fetus
- 2 parts - Functional zone: lost during menstruation, changes due to hormones during uterine cycle. contains most uterine glands
- Basilar zone: attaches endo to myometrium and is a permanent layer
- Cervix
- inferior portion between uterus and vagina
- mucosa contains secretory cells
- Cervical mucus = water, glycoproteins, lipids, enzymes and inorganic salts
- Composition of mucus varies throughout cycle
- ovulation: less viscous + more alkaline = sperm friendly
- other times: viscous, forms cervical plug
- Ovaries
- Produce immature gametes (oocytes) and hormones: progesterone, oestrogen, relaxin and inhibin
- Histology
- Visceral peritoneum: columnar epithelial cells covering each ovary
- Stroma (interior tissues) divided into 2
- Superficial cortex: where gametes are produced
- Deeper medulla: connective tissues, blood + lymphatic vessels
- Ovarian follicles: oocytes in varying stages of development plus surrounding cells = follicular cells (early dev) or granulosa (late dev) which support and nourish oocyte
- Graafian (mature) follicle: fluid filled follicle that ruptures to release secondary follicle at ovulation
- Corpus luteum: remnants of
- Uterine/Fallopian tubes
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