Gender part 1

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  • Gender
    • sex and gender
      • Sex is a biological status
        • someones sex is biologically determined by their genetic make-up.
          • Chromosome: influence hormonal and anatomical differences that distinguish males and females
      • Gender is a psychosocial status
        • Reflects attitudes, behaviors and roles we associate with being male and female
        • Gender is more fluid
      • Gender Identity Disorder
        • sex and gender to not correspond
    • Sex-role stereotypes
      • social expectations
        • shared by a culture or a group and the expectations are transmitted through society
      • May or may not be valid
        • Male does the DIY
          • no biological reason for this
      • Research in media
        • Furnham and Farragher (2000)
          • TV adverts = men shown in more professional roles
    • Androgyny and BSRI
      • Androgyny = the presence of a balance of masculine and feminine traits, behaviors and attitudes
        • Bem (1974)
          • High androgyny is associated with physical wellbeing
          • Individuals who have a balance of masc and fem are better equipped
        • BSRI
          • A list of masc and fem
            • Use likert scale to measure
            • 20 of each mas and fem = most desirable traits
            • Scoring
              • high masc low fem = masc
              • High fem low masc = fem
              • high score in both = andro
              • low score in both = uncla
      • BSRI
        • A list of masc and fem
          • Use likert scale to measure
          • 20 of each mas and fem = most desirable traits
          • Scoring
            • high masc low fem = masc
            • High fem low masc = fem
            • high score in both = andro
            • low score in both = uncla
    • Chromosomes and hormones
      • 23 pairs and gender is controlled by 23rd pair
      • The Y carries the SRY = testes and androgens to develop
      • Prenatal hormones act upon the brain development
        • At puberty = second stage
      • Testosterone
        • aggression
      • Oestrogen
        • menstrual
      • Oxytocin
        • fem more

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