Hard Engineering Schemes
- Created by: eviedeehan
- Created on: 11-03-24 16:42
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- Hard Engineering Schemes
- Water Transfer - South-North, China
- this project aims to deliver 25 billion m3 of freshwater to the North of China through a central and eastern route - western route is in planning
- 2/3 of the farmland are in the North and 80% of water is south - ensure agriculture and water security for both
- costs
- economic - $80billion - before maintenance costs and water prices are considered
- social - 300,000 displaced for the construction of the central route
- environmental - North has limited water due to pollution, inefficient agriculture and poorly managed use for industry
- removing water from the Yangtze may reduce discharge
- this project aims to deliver 25 billion m3 of freshwater to the North of China through a central and eastern route - western route is in planning
- Mega Dams - Three Gorges Dam, China
- costs
- 632km2 of land was flooded inc 1500 villages and towns to form the reservoir behind the dam
- 1.3 million residents were relocated and history was lost
- water quality is poor as surface runoff allows industrial waste, sewage and agricultural chemical runoff to enter the river
- ecosystems were flooded and destroyed, leaving animals without a habitat - vegetation decay led to the release of methane
- benefits
- costs
- Desalination Plants, Israel
- Mediterranean Sea is their source of water - 2013, they had 5 functioning desalination plants, by 2020 they plan to supply 70% of water from them
- benefits
- reliable and predictable supply of water
- produce up to 600 tonnes of clean drinking water an hour
- costs
- energy exhaustive - needs its own power station
- brine is a byproduct and is damaging to the environment
- energy exhaustive - needs its own power station
- Water Transfer - South-North, China
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