Henrick Ibsen Context

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  • Henrik Ibsen Context
    • Family and Upbringing
      • Aged 8, father lost the business, financial, status and class loss
        • Mother was self-sacrificial figure
      • Aged 18, never saw his child but paid for his upbringing
        • 1864 went into exile for 27 years, returning once he was a successful playwright - concerned with status
    • Literary Influences
      • 'An Enemy of the People' 1882, concerned with individual vs the majority, mass is ignorant
      • 'Ghosts' 1881, conformity is suffering, male figure is flawed
      • 'Hedda Gabler' 1891, obsession with status, loss of money, reputation - unrequited love
    • Audience's Beliefs and Responses
      • Had to change the ending for a German actress, she refused to leave her children
      • Weigand: saw it as a comedy
    • Laws and Campaigns
      • One of the leading four central male figures for feminism in Norway
      • Didn't want to be labelled as a feminist
      • 1870 Married Women's Property Act
    • Relationships
      • Laura Keiler, a friend of Ibsen, borrowed money illegally for her husband but was admitted to a psychiatric ward for it, but begged for him back
      • His wife was an activist for female equality, he was clearly influenced by here
    • Historical Context
      • Theatre was changing, from naturalism to realism 'Father of Realism'
      • Industrialisation, social mobility, middle class wanting representation, working long hours with little wage

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