How far were divisions... political parties explained
- Created by: danwotsits154
- Created on: 25-03-15 19:37
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- How far were divisions among its opponents responsible for the survival of the Tsarist Rule in the years 1881 - 1905? (Jan 2009)
- groups/parties
- Social Democrat Party
- split by Lenin's ideas
- Happened in 1905 because it couldn't agree on strategy and organisation
- Bolsheviks
- wanted to limit their membership to those who were dedicated revolutionaries and wanted a workers' revolution
- Mensheviks
- opposed the Bolshevik view and they wanted the party to have a broad, open membership
- The Creation of the Jewish Bund
- wanted a socialist Russia where anti-Semitism was abolished
- had Marxist views
- but industrial development was essential for Marxist to work
- split by Lenin's ideas
- Liberalists
- split
- ones who wanted a republic
- Kadets
- a more radical group
- They saw the October Manifesto as the beginning of reform
- believed that a parliamentary system of government was the best way of dealing with social and economic issues
- a more radical group
- Octoberists
- After the 1905 revolution, the October Manifesto was proposed that suggested the creation of a national parliament
- They believed that this was the best settlement for constitutional development
- Supporters of Tsar Nicholas II
- After the 1905 revolution, the October Manifesto was proposed that suggested the creation of a national parliament
- Kadets
- ones who wanted a constitutional monachy
- The Union of Liberalism
- ones who wanted a republic
- The creation of the Zemstva
- the first political organisation that had elected officials
- split
- Social Revolutionaries
- played an important role in the 1905 revolution because of their support of the peasant uprisings
- had no coherent long term plan to achieve power and were often poorly organised
- the use of terrorism was one of their key methods
- The lack of organisation and the amount of splits in the political parties did not threaten the rule of the Tsar
- Social Democrat Party
- Other Factors
- The Okhrana
- under Alexander III they were powerful and feared
- Nicholas II continued to use the Okhrana to maintain security within Russia
- they banned foreign books and newspapers to stop foreign political ideas from reaching Russia
- Because of this, 14 newspapers were banned and press freedoms were restricted
- the Army
- Nicholas II used the Army and elite forces, the Cossacks to suppress strikes and protests
- can be seen in the suppression in the general strikes in Rostov in 1902 and Odessa in 1903
- Nicholas II used the Army and elite forces, the Cossacks to suppress strikes and protests
- no political parties were allowed
- The Okhrana
- groups/parties
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