Hows laws are made

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  • Created by: 187088
  • Created on: 21-09-17 20:41
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  • Hows laws are made
    • types of bills
      • Private bills
        • intended to affect one particular area or organisation
          • personal bills
            • affect one or two people. Always begin in the lords
      • Public Bills
        • intended to affect the public as a whole
          • government bills
            • steered through parliament by a minister from appropriate government department
          • private members bills
            • sponsored by an individual MP or a peer
      • A bill a proposed legislation
    • The stages
      • Consultation stage
        • government makes a draft and asks senior officials to make comments
        • first reading
          • government announces the bill by reading its title to the house of commons
          • second reading
            • the main debating stage- all MPs discuss the bill
            • committee stage
              • a smaller group of MPs look at the bill in detail and make amendments
              • report stage
                • Amendments made during the committee stage are reported to the house of commons
                • third reading
                  • overall consideration of the bill in the house of common and final vote
                  • The lords stage
                    • suggest amendments and send it back to the house of commons if so,
                    • the royal assent
                      • the queen signs off the bill as a new law or act of parliament
    • functions of the CJ sytem
      • public protection
        • preventing and deterring crime and terrorism
        • rehabilitate offenders and incapacitate people who constitute a persistent threat
      • justice and rule of law
        • uphold,  promote respect the rule of law
        • ensure proper treatment of criminals by sucessfully prosecuting the guilty
      • public order
        • maintain law and order
      • punishment
        • sentencing criminals
      • denunciation
        • registering social disapproval of censured behaviour of criminal acts
      • Victim services
        • supporting and advising the victims of crime
      • public confidence
        • maintain confidence by CJ is perceived as dealing effectively and fairly with threats
    • Principles of CJ system
      • adversarial justice- guilty/ not guilty
        • burden of proof
          • innocent until proven guilty
        • standard of proof
          • beyond reasonable doubt
        • The Theatre of the court
      • rule of law
        • the principle that all people and institutions are subject to and accountable to law that is fairly applied and enforced; the principle of government by law
    • brexit
      • Great Repeal Bill
        • Theresa may "Essential step"
        • EU law will no longer apply to UK
          • until Brexit date EU law will still apply
        • repeal 1972 European communites act
        • end jurisdiction of the European court of justice
        • there's believed to be 12,000 law to be ruled

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