implications of ict

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  • Created by: Charlotte
  • Created on: 22-04-13 14:47
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  • Implications of ICT
    • Ethics
      • Code of Conduct
        • Voluntary extension of the law
        • Sets out expectations
      • British Computer Society Code of Conduct
        • Public interest
        • duty to relevent authority
        • Duty to the proffession
        • Professional competence and integrity
      • ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
        • General moral imperatives
        • More specific professional responsibilities
        • Organisational leadership imperatives
        • Compliance with the code
    • Protecting data
      • Encryption
        • Where data is scrambled so that if it is accessed unlawfully, then it is meaningless to the person viewing it.
        • uses a cipher to scramble the data and a decipher is required to unscramble the data.
        • Intended recipient needs decryption key to decrypt the data, however this can also be intercepted, so public key encryption is used.
      • Authorisation
        • giving people permission for users to access data
          • to gain authorisation, the user must identify themselves.
        • read-only: a user is only allowed to read data.
        • Create: a user is only allowed to create new data
        • Write:  A user is only allowed to make changes to the data
        • Delete: a user is allowed to delete data.
      • Authentication
        • used to prove a person is who they say they are.
        • Passwords & pins
        • Biometric security
          • Fingerprint, retina scan, voice recognition - uniquely identifies a person.
      • Virus checking & protection
        • Virus scan
          • only required the first time anti-virus software is installed as a resident shield
        • resident shield
        • updating software
        • a virus is designed to  cause deliberate harm to data on a computer and replicates itself so it transfers to as many computers as possible
    • Discuss the  need to keep data confidential
      • Comply with Data Protection Act in terms of the privacy of information relating to individuals
      • Organisational, whereby information is commercially sensitive, such as plans for a new product
      • Moral obligation
      • people's personal information is snesitive
    • Physical security
      • surge protection
        • devices should be plugged into sockets that include surge protection which will cancel out the surge.
      • locks
        • putting servers in secure rooms and only those who need access have keys/codes.
      • security guards
        • check every person that enters the building or placed by the server room.
      • flood and fire protection
        • server rooms not on thevground floor to reduce flood risk and they should be fire proof so the fire cannot spread to the server room.
      • portable security.
        • laptops or disks.
    • Good methods for managing change
      • Communication
        • managers need to ensure that the changes are explained clearly to other people within the organisation.
          • how will the communication take place,ensure it is done considerately.
          • can't be held secret for too long or rumours can spread and make it worese than it is and staff may fear losing their jobs
      • Consultation
        • Telling staff the reasons for the change. if they are consulted, they are more likely to support the change
      • Participation
        • Staff need to be motivated to change and different people require different motivation factors. staff told they will be rewarded for extra work
    • Change management
      • Good change management
        • 1) Identify need for change
        • 2) Sharing reasons for change
        • 4) Implementing the change
        • 3) Planning the change
      • Staff capability
        • retraining may be needed,. Staff will learn new procedures and changes in working practices.
        • highly skilled staff 'de-skilled' as the system will perform their previously skilled jobs. Leads to demoralisation of staff.
      • Staff views
        • staff who have worked for an organisation for a long time will find it difficult to change their working practices.
      • Systems
        • any new software installed must be fully tested before it is implemented.
        • any data  needs to be transferred to the new system.
      • Equipment
        • equipment purchased will need to be capable of completing the tasks its designed for& fit for purpose.
      • Accomodation
        • equipment purchased needs to be, often in storage. Offices will need to be re-designed to enable the inclusion of any computers etc & cabelling.
    • Purpose and activities of professional bodies
      • Purpose
        • Recognition of experience
        • Opportunities for career development
        • Enable discussion and collaboration
        • Knowledge and information servicces
        • Financial benefits
      • Disadvantages
        • Cost of membership
        • Abiding by code of conduct
        • extra responsibilities
        • work-life balance
    • impact of external change:
      • Individuals
      • Organisation
      • Systems
    • Explain how to keep data confidential
      • choosing a password which is not easily linked to you (not easy to guess
      • password of minimum length, so there is a larger combination of characters, making it harder for hackers to crack.
      • change passwords regularly and don't give out your password to anyone else.
      • lock your computer so that it cannot be accessed without entering your password.
      • Ensure nobody is looking over your shoulder when you enter your password,
      • Anti-Spyware software installed so malicious software cannot be installed on a computer that would gain access to the data on your computer
      • Install a firewallbetween a computer network and the internet/WAN. It will ensure that only data of certain types are allowed into the network.
    • hardware/software developments that are changing, or might change the way we live.
      • treating injuries or disease
      • leisure activites
        • nintendo Wii  (explain how it enable users to use hand-held movement sensors in 3D & ability to play online over wifi.
          • positive impact on physical health and obesity.
          • however if the user moves to quickly, the sensor can fly out of their hand and cause damage.
      • the environment
        • wireless technologies mean no wires which can be unsightly
      • the home
        • electronic fridge know whats inside and the user could check what had low stock using a touch screen or laptop
      • education
        • suggest current use and future use, including advantages and disadvantages.
      • freedom of speech and movement

Comments

Mr A Gibson

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Number one of two mind maps which show a great amount of detail related to the Implications of ICT in a range of settings (this resource) and some real life examples of the applications of ICT (other resource). Both of these provide useful examples which could be used in exam questions.

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