Labelling Theory and deviance
- Created by: Harriet
- Created on: 05-06-13 18:05
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- Labelling Theory
- The Social construction of crime
- Differential enforcement
- Social control agencies tend to label certain groups as criminal
- Piliavin and Briar- based on dress, gender, class, ethnicity, time and place
- Cicourel: Typifications
- The police have stereotypes of the 'typical delinquent'
- people fitting this typification are more likely to be stopped arrested and charged
- W/C juveniles more likely to be charged
- The police have stereotypes of the 'typical delinquent'
- Crime statistics: a topic not a recource
- As police have typifications,official statistics are invalid
- We should look at them as a topic to investigate the process by which they are constructed
- Becker- No act is deviant in itself: deviance is a social construct
- Differential enforcement
- The effects of labelling
- Lemert: Primary and secondary deviance
- Secondary deviance- results from societal reaction and labelling. Labelling can exclude people from society or allow the label to become their master status
- Primary deviance- deviant acts that have not been publicly labelled. Have many causes, often trivial and mostly go uncaught
- Self-fulfilling prophecy
- Being labelled may lead to a crisis of he individuals self-concept, resulting in a SFP-secondary deviance
- Young- Study on hippy marijuana users.
- Drug use was insignificant in the hippies lifestyle. But after the police labelled them as junkies, they developed a deviant subculture where drug use was the central activity= SFP
- Deviance amplification spiral
- The attempt to control deviance leads to it increasing, resulting in greater control and,in turn, yet more deviance
- Cohen- Mod's and Rockers: after media exaggeration moral entrepreneurs called for a 'crackdown'. The police responded by arresting more youths, leading to them being marginalised resulting in more deviance
- Lemert: Primary and secondary deviance
- Evalutaion
- Too deterministic
- It implies that if somebody is not caught they have not deviated
- It gives offenders a victim status
- Marxists-It fails to make the links between the labelling process and capitalism
- The Social construction of crime
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