Liberalism: Individualism and Equality
- Created by: wanjikar
- Created on: 27-04-23 16:41
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- Liberalism: Core Principles
- Individualism
- John Stuart Mill: "over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign"
- the state shouldn't harm the rights of an individual
- against paternalistic states
- oppose govt intervention that restricts individual rights, freedoms or responsibilities
- the individual has a responsibility to achieve in society by the strength of their own ability
- egotistical individualism
- the belief that individual freedom involves satisfying one's own desires and needs
- extreme vers. believe in a society
- supports a small state and few state restrictions (atomism)
- developmental individualism
- believe in a society in which individuals live alongside each other
- support state intervention
- often social liberals
- positive liberty
- supports a larger role for the state
- an individual is given freedom to do as they wish by an authority
- negative liberty
- an individual is free from external constraints and interference
- supports a smaller state
- J.S. Mill proposed the 'harm principle' to deal with when it is appropriate to restrict individual liberty
- Equality and Justice
- Equality is the belief that all individuals have equal rights, are of equal value and should be treated equally
- Foundational Equality means that every person has rights simply by being born
- Socialists also believe in this
- Conservatives do not believe in this
- The HRA 1998 is centred around this idea
- Formal Equality is the idea that all individuals have the same legal and political rights
- Early liberals (J.S. Mill) opposed this and suggested weighted voting where the highest ppl had more of a say in elections
- a part of 'The Rule of Law' by A.V. Dicey and the Voting Rights Act 1964
- equality of opportunity is the idea that everyone should have equal chances in life to succeed
- Democratic socialists and modern conservatives believe in this
- The HRA enshrines this and NAtional Insurance aimed at creating this
- Individualism
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