‘Liberalism is compatible with both conservative and social democratic thinking.’ Discuss. (30 marks)
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- ‘Liberalism is compatible with both conservative and social democratic thinking.’ Discuss. (30 marks)
- Core values of Liberalism
- A commitment to freedom/liberty
- A commitment to free markets on the part of classical liberals and to a degree of government interference in the market on the part of new/progressive liberals
- A belief in limited government – classical liberalism and interventionist government –progressive liberalism
- A commitment to constitutional reform and the protection of rights
- Recognition of the impact of classical liberalism on conservatism in recent decades
- the central value of classical liberalism‘ morphed’ into neo-liberalism in the 1970s and 1980s
- This ideological strand influenced the New Right
- helped to create what came to be called Thatcherism in theUK
- These central values were support for laissez-faire economics
- firm belief in self-helpas originally championed by Samuel Smiles
- desire to achieve a meritocracy
- evident in the Conservative Party’s economic policies
- particularly privatisation and supply-side measures
- seen as integral to the creation of anenterprise culture
- particularly privatisation and supply-side measures
- also be seen in the measures utilised to ‘roll back the frontiersof the state’ and to dismantle the ‘nanny state’
- quest to reduce dependency and to promote individual responsibility
- the central value of classical liberalism‘ morphed’ into neo-liberalism in the 1970s and 1980s
- Significance of the New/ Progressive liberalism on Conservative policies and actions
- Conservatives and the Conservative Party have come to accept the need to safeguard minority and individual rights
- Under Cameron, the Conservatives have become more ‘liberal’ than they have ever been in their history
- Social inclusion and a firm belief in equality ofopportunity
- Gay Marriage 2013
- Free schools
- positive role for the state in the spheres of health and education
- Conservative Party Conference: Tory pledge to pour millions into the NHS
- Social inclusion and a firm belief in equality ofopportunity
- Under Cameron, the Conservatives have become more ‘liberal’ than they have ever been in their history
- Conservatives and the Conservative Party have come to accept the need to safeguard minority and individual rights
- 1950s and 1960s
- Both Keynes and Beveridge influenced Conservative Party thinking and policies
- During the ‘Age of Consensus’
- Both Keynes and Beveridge influenced Conservative Party thinking and policies
- Most academics, analysts and political commentators have described the Labour Party in the post-war era as being a social democratic rather than a democratic socialist party
- clear links which exist between liberalism and the views and values held by social democrats
- variant of social democracy practised by the Labour Party
- Labour’s acceptance that the promotion of individualism should be given more prominence
- Even at the expense of collectivism in some cases
- The adaptation of a liberal form of communitarianism
- This sought to widen individual rights and entitlements
- whilst also recognising the need for individual moral responsibility and social duty
- clearly evident in many of New Labour’s welfare reforms and policies
- This sought to widen individual rights and entitlements
- Growing acceptance of the role of the market in economic policy
- Indeed, it could be arguedthat neo-liberal economics was the dominant influence here
- New Labour’s constitutional reforms were also – in diluted form – largely derived from constitutional liberalism with its belief in decentralising and fragmenting power
- The 1997 Devolution Referendum in Scotland
- Elected Mayors
- House of Lords reform
- Use of proportional representation across a wide range of elections
- Incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights into British law
- clear links which exist between liberalism and the views and values held by social democrats
- Labour being not being influenced by Liberalism
- New Labour’s authoritarian/ illiberal policies on law and order and anti-terrorism
- adoption of such a wide-ranging set of liberal ideas by all three parties
- individuals who would claim to be conservatives and social democrats, haveled to the view that ‘we are all liberals now’
- Britain is not just a liberal democracy but also a liberal society
- It would appear that neither conservatism nor socialism have ever over shadowed the fundamentally liberal spirit of the country
- Britain is not just a liberal democracy but also a liberal society
- individuals who would claim to be conservatives and social democrats, haveled to the view that ‘we are all liberals now’
- Core values of Liberalism
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