National 5 History: Unit 2 Changing Britain- Canals

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  • Canals
    • Advantages
      • Goods carried cheaply & easily
        • Provided jobs: Navvies, engineers, leggers, men to walk horses along banks
          • Could carry greater load than ever before
            • Horse 1/8th of a tonne
            • Barge 50 tonnes
          • Leggers
            • Legging is a method of moving a boat through a canal tunnel
          • Navvies
            • Laborers who built the majority of canals: mainly Irish workers
          • Engineers
    • Problems
      • Slow for passengers, never became a public transport
        • Could freeze in winter/dry up in Summer
          • Expensive to build
            • Tunnels, aquaducts & locks needed
              • Aqueduct
                • a bridge or viaduct carrying a waterway over a valley or other gap
              • Locks
                • a short section of a canal or river with gates and sluices at each end which can be opened or closed to change the water level, used for raising and lowering boats.
              • Tunnels
                • How canals passed through mountains and other land barriers
    • Why did Canals decline?
      • Canals declined after 1840s due to competition from railways
      • Very slow means of transport

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