Phase one - Life sciences

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  • Created by: kyrag94
  • Created on: 16-04-24 18:19
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  • PHASE ONE
    • Anatomical Terminology
      • Medial- towards middle of body
      • Lateral- away from the body
      • Distal- away from the trunk or point of origin
      • Proximal- towards/near the trunk or point of origin
      • Superior- up      Interior- below
      • Anterior- front                 Posterior- behind
    • Osmosis
      • Movement of water from are of high water potential to area of low water potential
      • Water Potential= concentration of free water molecules
      • Hypertonic= water moves out of cells
        • Low water potential & high solute potential
      • Hypotonic= water moves into cells
        • High water potential & low solute potential
      • Isotonic= water moves equally in/out of cell
        • Equal potential
    • Fluid compartments
      • Extracellular
        • Intravascular fluid- fluid within the blood vessels
        • Interstitial fluid- fluid outside the blood vessels
      • Intracellular- fluid within the cell. (Cytosol)
    • Cell Structure
      • Plasma Membrane- protects interior of the cell. Separates the intracellular and extracellular compartments
        • Semi-permeable- lets certain substances in and out
        • Phospholipid bilayer
      • Cytoplasm- transparent gel like fluid containing water sollutes and particles
      • Mitochondria- energy produced here. stored in molecules of ATP
      • Ribosomes- protein synthesis
      • Smooth ER- synthesis of lipids
      • Rough ER- Synthesis of lipids
      • Golgi apparatus- Packages proteins and carbohydrates for export
    • Tissues
      • Collection of same/similar cells that work together to perform same specific function
      • Epithelial
        • Lines organs with hallow spaces & covers organs
        • Protects underlying structures
        • Simple Squamous
        • Simple Cuboidal
        • Simple Columnar
      • Connective
        • Insulation, Protection, Structural, transport
        • Loose connective
        • Adipose
        • Blood
        • Fibrous Connective
        • Cartilage
      • Muscle
        • Skeletal- voluntary, striations, forms muscle that moves bones
        • Cardiac- only found in heart wall. subconscious control
        • Smooth- ability to relax and contract, involuntary, non striated
      • Nervous
        • Neurons- transmit nerve impulses
        • Glial cells (schuwann) supports the neurons

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