Plant Classification
- Created by: DJ1803
- Created on: 20-11-16 10:45
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- Plant Classification
- Kingdoms: the first/largest group
- Monera (containing bacteria)
- Animalia
- Plantae
- 10 phyla in the plant kingdom (Plantae)
- 5 principle Plantae phyla:
- Bryophyta (Mosses and liverworts)
- 25,000 species of primitive non-flowering plants that reproduce by spores.
- They favour damp conditions and have minimal horticultural significance.
- Pteridophyta (Ferns)
- 9,000 species of primitive non-flowering vascular plants that reproduce by spores.
- They are useful decorative plants, especially for damp, shady sites.
- Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo)
- This phylum has a single ancient species (Ginkgo biloba) native to China.
- It is a non-flowering vascular woody plant that produces seed in cones and is closely related to conifers.
- It is increasingly popular as a street tree.
- Coniferophyta (Conifers) (Gymnosperms)
- 550 species of non-flowering, vascular, woody plants that reproduce by seeds borne on cones.
- All are woody.
- All are perennial.
- Cones for seed production.
- Seeds borne 'naked' on cones.
- All are wind pollinated.
- Most are evergreen.
- Conifers are of considerable economic and horticultural importance for timber and paper production, and amenity use.
- Most conifers are evergreen and their scale (or needle-like) leaves are adapted to dry conditions.
- Plant examples:
- Cupressus spp. (e.g. Cupressus sempervirens "Italian Cypress")
- Pinus spp. (e.g. Pinus nigra "Austrian Pine")
- Larix spp. (e.g. Larix kaempferi "Japanese Larch")
- Sequoia spp. (e.g. Sequoiadendron giganteum "Giant Redwood")
- Taxus spp. (e.g. Taxus baccata "English Yew")
- 550 species of non-flowering, vascular, woody plants that reproduce by seeds borne on cones.
- Angiospermophyta (Flowering Plants)
- The Angiosperms are flowering, vascular plants with over 250,000 species in around 450 families.
- May be woody or herbaceous.
- May be annual, biennial or perennial.
- Flowers for seed production.
- Seeds contained in the ovary of fruits.
- May be insect, animal, water or wind pollinated.
- May be evergreen or deciduous.
- Seeds are borne inside fruits which develop from flowers.
- Angiosperms are by far the largest group of plants and are the dominant vegetation on earth, and include all the most important food and commercial crops and ornamental plants.
- Plant examples:
- Fagus spp. (e.g. Fagus sylvatica "Copper Beech")
- Carpinus spp. (e.g. Carpinus betulus "Hornbeam")
- Malus spp. (e.g. Malus x zumi 'Golden Hornet' "Crab Apple 'Golden Hornet'")
- Allium spp. (e.g. Allium hollandicum 'Purple Sensation')
- Rosa spp. (e.g. Rosa glauca)
- The Angiosperms are flowering, vascular plants with over 250,000 species in around 450 families.
- Bryophyta (Mosses and liverworts)
- 5 principle Plantae phyla:
- 10 phyla in the plant kingdom (Plantae)
- Fungi
- Protoctista (containing protozoa, algae & various others)
- Phylum: smaller groups of organisms with more in common.
- 10 phyla in the plant kingdom (Plantae)
- 5 principle Plantae phyla:
- Bryophyta (Mosses and liverworts)
- 25,000 species of primitive non-flowering plants that reproduce by spores.
- They favour damp conditions and have minimal horticultural significance.
- Pteridophyta (Ferns)
- 9,000 species of primitive non-flowering vascular plants that reproduce by spores.
- They are useful decorative plants, especially for damp, shady sites.
- Ginkgophyta (Ginkgo)
- This phylum has a single ancient species (Ginkgo biloba) native to China.
- It is a non-flowering vascular woody plant that produces seed in cones and is closely related to conifers.
- It is increasingly popular as a street tree.
- Coniferophyta (Conifers) (Gymnosperms)
- 550 species of non-flowering, vascular, woody plants that reproduce by seeds borne on cones.
- All are woody.
- All are perennial.
- Cones for seed production.
- Seeds borne 'naked' on cones.
- All are wind pollinated.
- Most are evergreen.
- Conifers are of considerable economic and horticultural importance for timber and paper production, and amenity use.
- Most conifers are evergreen and their scale (or needle-like) leaves are adapted to dry conditions.
- Plant examples:
- Cupressus spp. (e.g. Cupressus sempervirens "Italian Cypress")
- Pinus spp. (e.g. Pinus nigra "Austrian Pine")
- Larix spp. (e.g. Larix kaempferi "Japanese Larch")
- Sequoia spp. (e.g. Sequoiadendron giganteum "Giant Redwood")
- Taxus spp. (e.g. Taxus baccata "English Yew")
- 550 species of non-flowering, vascular, woody plants that reproduce by seeds borne on cones.
- Angiospermophyta (Flowering Plants)
- The Angiosperms are flowering, vascular plants with over 250,000 species in around 450 families.
- May be woody or herbaceous.
- May be annual, biennial or perennial.
- Flowers for seed production.
- Seeds contained in the ovary of fruits.
- May be insect, animal, water or wind pollinated.
- May be evergreen or deciduous.
- Seeds are borne inside fruits which develop from flowers.
- Angiosperms are by far the largest group of plants and are the dominant vegetation on earth, and include all the most important food and commercial crops and ornamental plants.
- Plant examples:
- Fagus spp. (e.g. Fagus sylvatica "Copper Beech")
- Carpinus spp. (e.g. Carpinus betulus "Hornbeam")
- Malus spp. (e.g. Malus x zumi 'Golden Hornet' "Crab Apple 'Golden Hornet'")
- Allium spp. (e.g. Allium hollandicum 'Purple Sensation')
- Rosa spp. (e.g. Rosa glauca)
- The Angiosperms are flowering, vascular plants with over 250,000 species in around 450 families.
- Bryophyta (Mosses and liverworts)
- 5 principle Plantae phyla:
- 10 phyla in the plant kingdom (Plantae)
- Class: Phyla are divided into groups that have even more in common.
- Two of the most important classes are a division of the phylum 'flowering plants'.
- Monocotyledons (e.g. grasses, lily, iris)
- Strap-like leaves with parallel veins.
- Scattered vascular bundles in stems.
- One cotyledon (seed leaf).
- Flower parts (petals, sepals etc.) in 3's or multiples of 3.
- Dicotyledons (e.g. rose, oak, laurel)
- Broad leaves with netted vein patterns.
- Vascular bundles in rings in stems.
- Two cotyledons (seed leaves).
- Flower parts in multiples of 2, 4 or 5.
- Monocotyledons (e.g. grasses, lily, iris)
- Two of the most important classes are a division of the phylum 'flowering plants'.
- Order: are groups of families.
- e.g. Fagales (containing the beech and birch families)
- ORDER: Fagales
- CLASS: Dicotyledon
- PHYLUM: Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)
- KINGDOM: Plantae
- COMMON NAME: English Oak (Quercus robur)
- e.g. Fagales (containing the beech and birch families)
- To enable living organisms to be studied they are sorted into groups with common characteristics.
- Taxonomy: the science of classification.
- Used to organise knowledge, provide an inventory, to identify, as a communication tool.
- A hierarchical system where groups are subdivided many times into smaller groups, each with more in common.
- Plants may be reclassified as more information becomes available about their origin and make-up.
- Kingdoms: the first/largest group
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