Sociological Methods
- Created by: brooke34
- Created on: 28-01-19 13:30
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- Research Methods
- Triangulation
- Uses more than one method to collect data (qual and quan)
- ADVANTAGES - can compensate for the limitations of other methods
- Barker - Making a Moonie.
- DISADVANTAGES - It can be time consuming and expensive to run over a period of time
- Interviews
- Structured
- Questions are asked then recorded by interviewer.
- ADVANTAGES - reliable as standardised. can explain if they don't uinderstand
- DISADVANTAGES - time consuming and may get bias replies. Typically quan data
- Willmott and Young Crime survey
- Unstructured
- SImilar to a conversation as questions not fixe.
- ADVANTAGES - natural so valid results, can answer in own words, can observe body language
- DISADVANTAGES - less reliable as all will respond different, smaller sample and time consuming
- Wilson and Jones and Zoe James
- Semi Structured
- A mix between the two - a set of questions but can stray slightly.
- Bradshaw and University of Sussex (lad culture)
- ADVANTAGES- avoid flaws of others gain qual and quan data.
- DISADVANTAGES - can't be standardised so less reliable could be interviewer bias
- Structured
- Observations
- Participant Observation
- Covert
- Taking part and studying in secret
- Willis and Ferrell
- ADVANTAGES - reveal deeper meaning, high in validity
- DISADVANTAGES - how to gain access, have to reply on memory
- Overt
- Takes part in life and studies openly
- ADVANTAGES - ethically sound, easy to record data
- DISADVANTAGES - hawthorne effect , hard to know how far to get involved
- Willis and Cohen
- Covert
- Non-Participant Observation
- Stan Cohen and Waddington et al
- Being with the group but not part of it
- ADVANTAGES - easy to record data and good for quan data.
- DISADVANTAGES - haw-throne effect , can't fully experience.
- Participant Observation
- Questonnaires
- List of questions(paper or electronic) read and respond with their answers.
- ADVANTAGES - quick and cheap. Can access a large sample quickly. High reliability
- DISADVANTAGES - might not be clear, only allow quan data, may lie
- Crime Survey Bradshaw gang members
- Focus Groups
- ADVANTAGES - explore detail, quick to gain multiple views
- get a group to discuss particular topic with mediator
- DISADVANTAGES - may not share, unrepresentative?
- Willis - learning to labour Zoe James - Gypsies
- Content Analysis (media)
- Looking at the media and comparing the coverage
- Vandijk / Britstol Fawcett Society
- DISADVANTAGES - its geographically selective, bias to certain groups
- ADVANTAGES - diffusion of culture, its always available, cheap to access
- Official Statistics
- Looks at quan data from previous research
- ADVANTAGES - highlights knowledge gaps, make comparisons and focus on areas
- DISADVANTAGES - is it relevant (valid) and there might be methodological issues
- Offender crime survey
- Personal Documents
- analyse documents to try understand meaning.
- ADVANTAGES - gives insight to thoughts and reveals things not at the time, avaliable
- DISADVANTAGES - is it authentic? and is it valid?
- Durkheim
- Longitudinal Study
- Having regular check ups on the same sample to see changes.
- ADVANTAGES - can see the development over a period of time.
- DISADVANTAGES - can be time consuming
- Bradshaw - Gang members Vandijk - Media on the black
- Case Study
- Detailed study based one situation/ person / event.
- ADVANTAGES - Provides detailed qualitative data
- DISADVANTAGES - lacks reliability as can't be repeated.
- Willis - Learning to labour Wilson and Jones - **********
- Replication Study
- Repeating an already published study usually in different situations
- ADVANTAGES - can check with result of previous study - high reliability
- DISADVANTAGES - Is it valid? does the original look at what you are looking at?
- Sharpe - Girls attitudes and aspirations.
- Triangulation
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