resp system
- Created by: Emilyburkee
- Created on: 22-05-22 17:22
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- Respiratory Phys
- structure
- upper
- nose
- warms air and traps debris
- oral cavity
- phraynx
- upper larynx
- nose
- lower
- lower larynx
- trachea - c shaped hyaline cartalige rings
- broncus
- bronci
- lobar, segmental
- broncioles
- alveoli
- type 1 cells
- squamous gas exhnage cells
- type 2 cells
- separate type 1, rounded
- microvilli + secrte fluid
- macrophages and fibroblasts
- type 1 cells
- function
- conducting region
- broncus
- trachea - c shaped hyaline cartalige rings
- bronci
- lobar, segmental
- respiratory region
- broncioles
- alveoli
- type 1 cells
- squamous gas exhnage cells
- type 2 cells
- separate type 1, rounded
- microvilli + secrte fluid
- macrophages and fibroblasts
- type 1 cells
- Respiratory Membrane – Four layers that extend from alveolar air space to blood plasma 1. Alveolar Wall 2. Epithelial Basement Membrane 3. Capillary Basement Membrane 4. Capillary Endothelium
- internal respiration = gas exchange from blood to tissue
- external resp = gas exchnage alveoli to blood
- conducting region
- upper
- pressures and volume
- henrys law
- w: The quantity of a gas that will dissolve in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility
- boyles law
- at fixed temp product of PV = constant
- daltons law
- mix of gases pp = sum of all individual gases
- inspiration
- diaphragm contracts and ribs pull up
- volume increases decresing pressure - air pulled in
- exhalation
- elastic recoil of diaphram = decreases volume = increasing pressure
- henrys law
- rate of airflow and ventilation
- compliance
- higher compliance = better ventilation
- airway resistance
- alveolar surface tension
- caused by polar water moles being attracted to each other decreasing diameter
- helped with superfacnt
- caused by polar water moles being attracted to each other decreasing diameter
- gas exchange
- H+D laws
- pp of gases
- MW of mols
- O2 has a lower MW than CO2 • However, CO2 is more soluble than O2 (~24 times greater) • As such, CO2 diffuses outward ~20 times faster than inward O
- surface area
- diffusion distance
- compliance
- heamaglobin
- corporative brinding of o2
- The HIGHER the PO2 the MORE O2 that binds
- • Amount of O2 in the blood is not affected by small fluctuations in PO2 in the alveolar air
- bohr effect- lower PH = less o2 assosiation
- more relase at acidic tissues
- pp of co2 == can decrease o2 transport
- 2-3BPG = decreases Haems aff for o2 - fetous dont have 2-3BPG
- corporative brinding of o2
- Control of breathing
- stimuli
- PH
- central chemreceptors = detect pco2 and H+
- strongest effect
- csf
- increase in PH = increaed activity at recetport = increse firing = increase stim of vent centers
- = increase in vent -= lower PH
- pheriphral - Po2
- • Vascular stasis (decreased blood flow to the carotid) • Cyanide – prevents O2 utilization at tissue level • Nicotine – in sufficient amounts • Exercise – due to increased [K+ ]
- central chemreceptors = detect pco2 and H+
- BP
- barao receptros
- quiet breathing = DRG
- activates
- insp
- chemo
- insp
- negitive feedback
- exp
- mechno receptros
- exp
- activates
- stretch receptors in lungs
- PH
- quiet breathing = DRG
- activates
- insp
- chemo
- insp
- negitive feedback
- exp
- mechno receptros
- exp
- activates
- VRG= forced breahting
- fine tuned by the pons
- stimuli
- structure
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