Restored Monarchy and Charles Pt.1

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  • Charles II and Restored Monarchy Pt.1
    • 1660-1667
    • Free elections produced the convection parliament in April 1660.
      • With the removal of voting restrictions, parliament was now representing the political nation.
      • 8th May, Convection parliament declared Charles Stuart as King Charles II.
    • Restoration settlement was the work of two bodies: 1) Cavalier Parliament. 2) Convection Parliament.
    • Convection Parliament.
      • Was only a  temporary parliament to re-establish the monarchy.
      • Following issues:
        • 1) Indemnity- Parliament helped Charles decide who should be executed (according to declaration of Breda).
        • Land Settlement: Land from crown and bishops etc had been sold during the interregnum. Some new owners were powerful and charles couldnt upset them.
          • Left decision to Parliament, who failed to come to a good conclusion. Crown land was reclaimed.
            • Had little effect as many land owners were excluded from Indemnity act.
        • Disbanding Army: with indemnity act passed and arrears to army paid, they were peacefully disbanded.
        • Constitution: Charles became King with no official limitations. Charles stalled a bill through Parliament which would limit him.
        • Finance: Charles granted tonnage and poundage for life, but only those specified in a parliamentary bill. Granted 1.2 mill for gov. costs.
        • Religion: Church, radicals, quakers, About 700 of 9000 ministers in Eng, were removed as CofE was restored, but would not accept any denominational religion.
      • Charles dissolved the Convection Parliament in 1660, November, most likely out of annoyance at their lack of legislation with regard to the militia and religious settlement.
        • Charles therefore retained control of the armed forces.
  • Declaration of Breda.
    • 4th April 1660 (with help from Monck) charles created declaration of Breda.
      • Drafted by Clarendon
    • To appeal to those who sought stability.
    • Outlined that if he was restored, Charles would rule as a traditional monarch through parliament.
    • Promised the Army pay and a pardon to all subjects apart from a few individuals.

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