SEE: Water: 5.5A
- Created by: MaggieNaylor
- Created on: 16-03-22 17:03
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- 5.5A: Causes of flooding
- Intense storms lead to flash flooding
- A low pressure system develops, leading to extreme rainfall over a short period of time
- TLD 2015 Flood- moist air masses stay over Cumbria for 48 hours
- 'Conveyor' of moist air tracked towards UK from caribbean, forming frontal rain when it met with cooler northern air
- This stayed over Cumbria for 2 days
- 'Conveyor' of moist air tracked towards UK from caribbean, forming frontal rain when it met with cooler northern air
- Heavy/prolonged rainfall
- It is associated with low pressure systems and depressions
- 2015 TLD Flood
- November is a 'wet month', so ground already saturated
- 2007 Sheffield floods caused by this
- Extreme monsoonal rainfall
- Impacts southern and eastern Asia
- 70% of annual rainfall falls in 100 days
- Many of the impacted countries are low-lying e.g. Bangladesh (2/3 of coast is low lying)
- EXAMPLE: July 2016 monsoon rainfall causes flooding and landslides in Philippines
- This is where extreme rainfall occurs due to winds blowing in from sea to land on a seasonal basis
- Snowmelt
- Snowmelting further upstream causes increased discharge further downstream
- Quick transition from winter to spring causes rapid snow melting whilst the ground remains frozen (limited infiltration), leading to flooding
- Glacial outburst floods (ice dams melt and glacial lakes drain), jokulhlaup in Iceland
- EXAMPLE: 2013 flooding in Norfolk due to rapid thawing of snow + ice
- Snowmelting further upstream causes increased discharge further downstream
- Intense storms lead to flash flooding
- Causes of TLD 2015 flood extra
- - Confluences of Cockermouth and Carlise, significant flooding there
- Steep land relief causing orographic rainfall + accelerated overland flow
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