Collectivisation

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  • Created by: Phoebe
  • Created on: 28-04-13 21:39
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  • Stalin and the Economy Collectivisation
    • Aims- a second revolution from below to modernize Russia
      • Motives- To confirm authority as leader - To enable Russia to economically catch up with the rest if the world
        • Means - Collectivization and Industrialization (FYP)
    • Collectivisation
      • Taking Land from peasants and giving to state. Rather than individual profits, peasants get wage. Profits used to fund Industrilisation
      • The Kulaks used as scapegoat accused of holding back peasant revolution by hoarding
        • de-kulakisation scaring the peasants
      • Industrilisation more important than peasantry. Grain sold abroad and uneeded farmers become factory workers
      • resistance - 1929-1930 nearly half farms collectivized 30,000 arson attacks rural mass disturbances increased by 1/3
        • Chaos in agriculture – slaughter oflivestock, destruction of tractors, burningof crops
      • improve  revolutionary ideas (ideological)
      • 25,000ers workers sent to revolutionary countryside but instead took part in de-kulakisation
      • Effects
        • Grain production fell 1929 – 1933.
        • Bad harvests and peasants destroying crops causedfamine 1932 – 33. People forced to eat horse manure –up to 10 million died.
        • 1933 – grain production did start to increase ascollectives became more organised.
        • Human cost – Kulaks eliminated – 5 million executed ordeported.
        • 13 million died during collectivisation.
        • Strengths
          • fed the cities
          • Strengthend Stalin politically
          • by 1930 over half collectivised
            • failed to raise agricultural production
          • by 1941 all farms collectivised
          • Russian working class increased from 18% to 50% 1928-1939
        • Failures
          • No socialist or economic efficiency
          • famine
          • chaos
          • 10 million exiled
          • 1929 50,000 kulaks sent to siberia
          • Labour productivity declined
          • 1933 was 9 million tonnes less than 1926
          • 1928 number of horses halved
          • 10 million died in famine 1932-1933

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