Operating Systems

Created by: Georgia
Created on: 17-11-17 12:31

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The Operating System
- Core Roles
  - Communication with the hardware
  - creating a user interface
    - User Interface
      - Allows a user to interact with the computer
      - GUIs
        Most common
        
        Designed to be easy for everyday users
        
        Visual, interactive and intuitive
        
        aka. Graphical User Interfaces
        
        Optimized for specific input methods
        In the past, they have been WIMP-based (windows, icons, menus and pointers), but now some have been designed for touchscreen
      - Command-line interface
        Text-based
        
        The user enters specific commands to complete tasks
        
        Less-resource heavy than GUIs
        
        Unsuitable for everyday users.
        Can be very useful to advances users
        Far more efficient and powerful and can be used to automate processes using scripts.
  - Providing a platform for different applications to run
  - Allow multitasking
    - More than one program runs at one time
      - NOT SIMULTANEOUS
        The OS doles out time to different applications so it appears they're happening at the same time
    - The OS doles out time to different applications so it appears they're happening at the same time
  - Manages peripherals
  - Utility software
    - Also organised hard disk with utility software
  - Many Pesky Operating Systems Collect In My Umbrella
  - Organises file and disk management
    - File and Disk Managment
      - File extensions are used to tell the computer which software to use to open the file
        Examples of File Extensions
        .jpg
        
        .mp3
        
        .mpeg
      - The organisation of data into a usable hierarchical structure
        Also deals with the movement, editing and deletion of data
      - OS decides which sector to write data to
        Also organised hard disk with utility software
      - OS keeps track of free spaces
- Devices Drivers
  - Used to communicate with internal hardware or peripherals connected to the computer
  - Ever piece of hardware requires one.
  - Acts as a translator for signal between OS and hardware
  - Updates may be installed manually or automatically
  - When a computer boots up the OS will choose the dorrect DD for the hardware
- User Interface
  - Allows a user to interact with the computer
  - GUIs
    - Most common
    - Designed to be easy for everyday users
    - Visual, interactive and intuitive
    - aka. Graphical User Interfaces
    - Optimized for specific input methods
      - In the past, they have been WIMP-based (windows, icons, menus and pointers), but now some have been designed for touchscreen
  - Command-line interface
    - Text-based
    - The user enters specific commands to complete tasks
    - Less-resource heavy than GUIs
    - Unsuitable for everyday users.
      - Can be very useful to advances users
        Far more efficient and powerful and can be used to automate processes using scripts.
- File and Disk Managment
  - File extensions are used to tell the computer which software to use to open the file
    - Examples of File Extensions
      - .jpg
      - .mp3
      - .mpeg
  - The organisation of data into a usable hierarchical structure
    - Also deals with the movement, editing and deletion of data
  - OS decides which sector to write data to
  - OS keeps track of free spaces
- User Accounts
  - Single User
    - i.e Windows
    - One-user to use the computer at once
  - Multiuser
    - i.e UNIX server
    - Multiple users on the computer at once
      - Simultaneous access
    - Often on mainframes
  - Allow different users to be granted access to specific data
  - Can be password or pin protected to prevent data theft
    - Some have fingerprint or retina scanners

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Operating Systems

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