THE TERROR
- Created by: rebeccashrestha
- Created on: 19-02-22 20:07
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- Terror
- Foundations of the Terror
- Political
- Jan 1973: EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI
- attacked sans-culottes as 'buveur de sang'
- War
- Sep 1792: Austrians defeated at Verdun and Valmy (and Jemappes)
- threat to Paris removed: justied revolution
- offensive tactic: successfully advanced along Rhine
- aim to restore the 'natural frontiers'
- Nov 1792: decree of fraternity
- WAR OF THE FIRST COALITION
- Feb - Mar 1793: Convention declared war with everyone
- Feb: Britain + Netherlands
- to fund war, printed more assignats
- inflation: 50% fall in power
- food prices + shortage, etc.
- widespread riots grain stores and demands price controls and requisitioning
- food prices + shortage, etc.
- inflation: 50% fall in power
- to fund war, printed more assignats
- Mar: Spain
- state factories for arms and ammunition
- church bells melted down
- gov ordered levy 300,000
- Vendee uprising
- Mar 1793: failure at Neerwinden + Dumouriez defected to Austrians
- Aug 1973: Carnot ordered levee en mass
- state factories for arms and ammunition
- church bells melted down
- gov ordered levy 300,000
- Vendee uprising
- Mar 1793: failure at Neerwinden + Dumouriez defected to Austrians
- Aug 1973: Carnot ordered levee en mass
- gov ordered levy 300,000
- church bells melted down
- gov ordered levy 300,000
- church bells melted down
- Feb: Britain + Netherlands
- Feb - Mar 1793: Convention declared war with everyone
- WAR OF THE FIRST COALITION
- annexation of Avignon, Nice, Savoy
- Nov 1792: decree of fraternity
- aim to restore the 'natural frontiers'
- offensive tactic: successfully advanced along Rhine
- threat to Paris removed: justied revolution
- Sep 1792: Austrians defeated at Verdun and Valmy (and Jemappes)
- Social
- federalist revolts
- uprisings against convention
- Vendee: Feb 1793
- May - Jun 1793
- Lyon, Marseille, Toulon
- federal revolts suppressed by end 1793
- Jan-May 1794: provincial represssion
- federal revolts suppressed by end 1793
- Lyon, Marseille, Toulon
- May - Jun 1793
- Vendee: Feb 1793
- economic difficulties, inflation, rising food prices, bread shortages
- uprisings against convention
- Vendee: Feb 1793
- May - Jun 1793
- Lyon, Marseille, Toulon
- federal revolts suppressed by end 1793
- Jan-May 1794: provincial represssion
- federal revolts suppressed by end 1793
- Lyon, Marseille, Toulon
- May - Jun 1793
- Vendee: Feb 1793
- protest first levee + levee en mass
- uprisings against convention
- uprisings against convention
- federalist revolts
- Political
- background of crises 1793
- military defeat, civil war, political + economic issues, anti-republican opposition
- Machinery of the Terror
- CPS
- Committee of Public Safety
- role of strong government
- twin pillars of enforcement
- CGS
- Committee of General Security
- discover anti-republican opposition
- Committee of General Security
- CGS
- Committee of Public Safety
- CGS
- Committee of General Security
- discover anti-republican opposition
- Committee of General Security
- reps-on-mission
- assert central control over provinces
- Comités de surveillance
- surveillance committees find suspects
- Revolutionary Tribunal
- try counter-rev suspects
- May 1794: abolished prov. tribunals
- forced: Paris rev. tribunal
- The Great Terror
- Law of Prairial: 'enemies of people
- 10 Jun
- 27 Jul
- The Great Terror
- Law of Prairial: 'enemies of people
- The Great Terror
- The Great Terror
- forced: Paris rev. tribunal
- May 1794: abolished prov. tribunals
- try counter-rev suspects
- Summary execution decree
- rebel trial + execution in 24 hours
- CPS
- March-May: Convention measures
- Machinery of the Terror
- military defeat, civil war, political + economic issues, anti-republican opposition
- Provincial Repression
- The Armee Revolutionaire
- Terror
- Foundations of the Terror
- Political
- Jan 1973: EXECUTION OF LOUIS XVI
- attacked sans-culottes as 'buveur de sang'
- War
- Sep 1792: Austrians defeated at Verdun and Valmy (and Jemappes)
- threat to Paris removed: justied revolution
- offensive tactic: successfully advanced along Rhine
- aim to restore the 'natural frontiers'
- Nov 1792: decree of fraternity
- WAR OF THE FIRST COALITION
- Feb - Mar 1793: Convention declared war with everyone
- Feb: Britain + Netherlands
- to fund war, printed more assignats
- inflation: 50% fall in power
- widespread riots grain stores and demands price controls and requisitioning
- widespread riots grain stores and demands price controls and requisitioning
- inflation: 50% fall in power
- to fund war, printed more assignats
- Mar: Spain
- Feb: Britain + Netherlands
- Feb - Mar 1793: Convention declared war with everyone
- WAR OF THE FIRST COALITION
- annexation of Avignon, Nice, Savoy
- Nov 1792: decree of fraternity
- aim to restore the 'natural frontiers'
- offensive tactic: successfully advanced along Rhine
- threat to Paris removed: justied revolution
- Sep 1792: Austrians defeated at Verdun and Valmy (and Jemappes)
- Social
- federalist revolts
- economic difficulties, inflation, rising food prices, bread shortages
- protest first levee + levee en mass
- protest first levee + levee en mass
- economic difficulties, inflation, rising food prices, bread shortages
- federalist revolts
- Political
- background of crises 1793
- military defeat, civil war, political + economic issues, anti-republican opposition
- Machinery of the Terror
- CPS
- Committee of Public Safety
- role of strong government
- twin pillars of enforcement
- Committee of Public Safety
- reps-on-mission
- assert central control over provinces
- Comités de surveillance
- surveillance committees find suspects
- Revolutionary Tribunal
- try counter-rev suspects
- May 1794: abolished prov. tribunals
- forced: Paris rev. tribunal
- 10 Jun
- 27 Jul
- forced: Paris rev. tribunal
- May 1794: abolished prov. tribunals
- try counter-rev suspects
- Summary execution decree
- rebel trial + execution in 24 hours
- CPS
- March-May: Convention measures
- Machinery of the Terror
- military defeat, civil war, political + economic issues, anti-republican opposition
- Provincial Repression
- The Armee Revolutionaire
- threatened Convention with direct action
- 4 Sep: crowd gathered Hotel de Ville bread/higher wages
- 5 Sep: marched on Convention
- 'Terror as the order of the day'
- formation of armee
- requisitioning, suspect round, rev. justice
- 'Terror as the order of the day'
- formation of armee
- requisitioning, suspect round, rev. justice
- requisitioning, suspect round, rev. justice
- formation of armee
- 'Terror as the order of the day'
- requisitioning, suspect round, rev. justice
- formation of armee
- 'Terror as the order of the day'
- 5 Sep: marched on Convention
- Jacques Roux
- 4 Sep: crowd gathered Hotel de Ville bread/higher wages
- threatened Convention with direct action
- Jan-May 1794
- surrendered shot w/o trial
- troops moved through areas
- shoot all peasant, burn farm/crops, kill animals, noyades
- 72% of the 16600 execs, 12000 in rebel areas
- shoot all peasant, burn farm/crops, kill animals, noyades
- The Armee Revolutionaire
- Foundations of the Terror
- threatened Convention with direct action
- 4 Sep: crowd gathered Hotel de Ville bread/higher wages
- 5 Sep: marched on Convention
- 5 Sep: marched on Convention
- Jacques Roux
- 4 Sep: crowd gathered Hotel de Ville bread/higher wages
- Terror
- Jan-May 1794
- surrendered shot w/o trial
- troops moved through areas
- shoot all peasant, burn farm/crops, kill animals, noyades
- 72% of the 16600 execs, 12000 in rebel areas
- shoot all peasant, burn farm/crops, kill animals, noyades
- The Armee Revolutionaire
- Foundations of the Terror
- May: situation so grave 30,000 troops withdrawn from front
- 1973: PURGE OF GIRONDINS
- supported dumouriez and federalist revolts
- 26 May: Robespierre called for insurrection against corrupt
- 31 May: Rising began against Girondin deputies
- 2 June: 80,000 NG surrounded Convention, directed their cannon at it
- Demanded Girondin expulsion, max price on all essential goods
- First time armed force being used against an elected assembly
- Jul-Sep: new radical CPS formed
- First time armed force being used against an elected assembly
- *13 Jul 1973: Corday and Marat bath murder
- Demanded Girondin expulsion, max price on all essential goods
- 2 June: 80,000 NG surrounded Convention, directed their cannon at it
- 31 May: Rising began against Girondin deputies
- 26 May: Robespierre called for insurrection against corrupt
- supported dumouriez and federalist revolts
- Dominance of the Sans-Culottes
- exercise own power: direct democracy
- have force to seize power
- responsible for journees
- Concessions
- 24 Jun 1793: presents new constitution
- right to work, education, insurrection, vote (males)
- conscription: levee en masse (Aug)
- economic: maximum, anti-hoard laws (Sep)
- Economic Terror
- Sep 1973: General Maximum
- fixed prices
- armee sent to enforce max: town/country conflicts
- fixed prices
- Sep 1973: General Maximum
- Economic Terror
- economic: maximum, anti-hoard laws (Sep)
- conscription: levee en masse (Aug)
- right to work, education, insurrection, vote (males)
- First time armed force being used against an elected assembly
- Jul-Sep: new radical CPS formed
- Demanded Girondin expulsion, max price on all essential goods
- 24 Jun 1793: presents new constitution
- Concessions
- responsible for journees
- have force to seize power
- exercise own power: direct democracy
- The Enrages
- economic terror to end starvation + poverty
- Summer 1793 assignat < 1/3 face value, drough reduced grain supplies
- Hebertistes: (political extremism) Mar 1794
- Danton + Indulgents: call for peace Apr 1794
- Opposition
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