The Process of Cell Division
The role of cell division in you life
- Created by: Azizah
- Created on: 28-04-13 15:58
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- The Process of Cell Division
- Chromosomes
- In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called Chromosomes.
- Prokaryotic
- Prokaryotes lack nuclei and many of the organelles found in Eukaryote
- Most prokaryotes contain a single, circular DNA chromosome that contains nearly all the cell's genetic information.
- Eukaryotic
- Eukaryotic cells generally have much more DNA than prokaryotes ; contain multiple chromosomes.
- The chromosomes in Eukaryotic cells form a close association with histones; this complex combination iis called Chromatin.
- If a cell were simply split into two without any advanced preparation, the results might be disastrous,
- especially if some of the cell's genetic info. wound up in one of the daughter cellls
- to prevent this, cells first make a complete copy of their genetic info. before cell division begins.
- especially if some of the cell's genetic info. wound up in one of the daughter cellls
- Cell Cycle
- During the cell cycle, a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells.
- Prokaryotic Cell Cycle
- It's a regular pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division that can take place very rapidly. It's also a form of Asexual Repr./Binary Fission
- Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
- G1 (Cell Growth) - Cells do most of their growing. In this phase, cells increase in size and synthesize new proteins and organelles
- S (DNA Repli.) - new DNA is synthesized when the chromosomes are replicated.
- G2 (Preparing Cell DIvision) - many of the organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced.
- M (Cell DIvision) - produces two daughter cells.
- Mitosis
- Prophase - the genetic material in the nucleus condensed & the duplicated become visible.
- Metaphase - the centromeres of the duplicated chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
- Anaphase - the chromosomes separate and move along spindle fibers to opposite ends of the cell.
- Telophase - the distinct and condensed chromosomes begin to spread out into a tangle of chromatin.
- Mitosis
- Chromosomes
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