Trespass to Land

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  • Created by: ElleW88
  • Created on: 01-12-19 20:03
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  • Trespass to Land
    • The nature of trespass to land
      • A direct act of interference with another's possession of land, by
        • 1. Entering upon the land.
        • 2. Remaining on that land.
        • 3. Placing or projecting any object onto that land.
        • Entick v Carrington (1765)
          • "Every invasion of property, be it ever so minute, is a trespass."
      • Direct and consequential interference contrasted
        • Gregory v Piper (1829)
          • Rubbish rolled onto neighbours land
            • Foreseeable consequential risk
        • Mann v Saulnier [1959]
        • Southport Corporation v Esso Petroleum [1956]
    • The requirement of an act.
      • Smith v Stone (1647)
        • Involuntary entry the D was carried onto the land, by force.
          • can be unitentional trespass but not involuntory
      • League Against Cruel Sports v Scott [1985]
        • Damages for 6 trespasses won
    • Types of trespass
      • B.R.B V Herrington
      • Robson v Hallett 1967
      • Trespass to the highway
        • Harrison v Duke of Rutland 1893
        • D.P.P v Jones 1999
          • Stone Henge, peaceful demostrations
            • Can enjoy the highway for any purpose as long as it is not a nuisance or obstructing it.
      • Trespass above and below the surface.
        • Own the land all the way to the Heavens and all the way to Hell
          • Bernstein v Skyviews 1978
            • Rights to airspace above land is restricted to such a height as reasonably necessary.
          • Kelsen v Imperial Tobacco 1957
          • Anchor Brewhouse v Berkley House 1987
          • Grigsby v Melville 1974
      • Trespass ab intio: Persons entering under legal authority
        • Six Carpenter's case 1610
        • Cinnamond v British Airports Authority 1980
        • Elias v Pasmore 1934
    • Who can sue?
      • Mason v Clarke 1955
      • The squatter's right
        • Graham v Peat 1801
        • Nicholls v Ely Beet 1931
    • Defences
      • Permission (Expressed or Implied) or Licence
      • Legal Authority
      • Necessity: only in urgent cases of imminent peril
        • London Borough of Southwark v Williams 1971
  • Smith v Stone (1647)
    • Involuntary entry the D was carried onto the land, by force.
      • can be unitentional trespass but not involuntory

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