U2 Networks

Created by: 15sthapa
Created on: 01-10-19 09:10

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U2 NETWORKS
- THE INTERNET
  - WAN
    - A network where computers use a 3rd party network to communicate
    - Usually spans a large geographical area
  - MAC Addressing
    - A Media Access Control (MAC) address is assigned to each Network Interface Card (NIC) by the manufacturer
    - Every networked device in the world has a unique MAC Address
    - USES
      - The actual geographical location can b e found via IP Address but the MAC never changes
- LAN
  - Advantages + positives
    - Viruses may be able to infiltrate the network and affect every computer
    - You can access files form any computer in the network
    - Managing a large network can be complicated
    - Purchasing network hardware is expensive
    - Sharing resources such as printers save money
  - A network that is geographically contained to one business or site
  - NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
    - STAR
      - All nodes connect to each other indirectly via switches which acts as a central point where all communication passes
      - A failure in one node or link it does not affect the others
      - Tend to have higher performance as there are fewer data clashes
      - Requires additional hardware such as switch
      - If the central switch goes down the whole network does
    - MESH
      - Each node is connected at least another. Nodes are capable of sending and receiving and act as a relay passing on data
      - New nodes and modification can occur w/o disrupting the network
      - Multiple connections mean that each node can transmit to and receive form more than one node simultaneously
      - Can be expensive to install cabling if wired network
      - Many connections requires difficult maintenance
  - NETWORK HARDWARE
    - A router sends data packets on their way in the best direction
    - HUB
      - Central, multi-plug adaptor for computers and printers in a network
      - When a packet of data is received, it broadcasts the packet to all network devices
    - Switch
      - Smart multi-plug adaptor that only sends packets to intended recipient using MAC
      - Reduces network traffic and increases speed
  - Ethernet
    - Refers to a family of standard local networking protocols or rules.
      - These describe how devices should format data ready for transmission between computers on the same network.
- Protocols and layers
  - HTTP
    - Used for accessing and receiving web pages in the form of HTML files on the internet
      - The protocol requests the web server to upload the requested web page to the user's browser
  - HTTPS
    - Encrypts the info so that it cant be understood if it is hacked
      - HYPERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL SECURE
  - FTP
    - Used for sending or retrieving files to or from a remote server or computer. Governs transmission of files across a network and internet
    - File Transfer Protocol
  - SMTP
    - Governs the transmission of email over a network to a mail server
    - SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCOL

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U2 Networks

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