Urban Futures

Created by: Amee204
Created on: 10-05-19 10:05

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Urban Futures
- An Urban World
  - Urbanisation
    - ACs
      - Urbanises slowly
    - LIDC and EDC
      - Urbanises rapidly
      - Asia and Africa
    - Africa
      - Urbanising rapidly
      - Least urbanised continent
      - causes
        Rural-urban migration
        Movement of people from the countryside to the city
        
        Largest city in Africa
        Internal Growth
        Higher birth rate than death rate
        
        Push and pull factor
        force people to move to the city
        Disease
        
        attract them to the city
        Jobs
      - Lagos
        Largest city in Africa
        Internal Growth
        Higher birth rate than death rate
    - Oppotunities
      - Quality of Life
      - Life Expectancy
      - Employment
      - Squatter Settlements
      - Sustainability
    - Challenges
      - Inequality
      - Segration
      - Slums
      - Overpopulation
      - Environmental Damage
  - Cities
    - Mega cities
      - Population over 10 million
      - Causes
        Natural Population Increases
        Healthier, less deaths and lengthened life
        
        Migration
        Migrates to cities
        
        Coastal Location
        grown for port, trade advantage
        
        Economic Development
        Trade = Business, grow into centre of production, more jobs
      - Examples
        New York
        
        Mexico City
      - Meta cities
        Population of 20 million
        eg Tokyo
    - World Cities
      - Hubs for International Trade
      - Examples
        New York
        
        London
- How cities began and grew
  - 4000BC
    - First cities appear in Egypt, the Middle East, India and Chivas
      - 2000BC
        Cities at the center of the Greek Empire and Roman Empire grow
        300AD
        Rome is the first city to reach 1 million people. Later it falls
        600AD
        In Europe cities decline because of the Dark Age
        1300AD
        Cities in South America grow in Aztec and Inca Empire
        1400AD
        European population in cities decline because f the Black Death
        
        Loads of food many people move in and learn new skills
        300AD
        Rome is the first city to reach 1 million people. Later it falls
        600AD
        In Europe cities decline because of the Dark Age
        1300AD
        Cities in South America grow in Aztec and Inca Empire
        1400AD
        European population in cities decline because f the Black Death
    - Usually by river eg Nile Tigiric and Euphrates. As the supplied a good supple of water
      - 2000BC
        Cities at the center of the Greek Empire and Roman Empire grow
        
        Loads of food many people move in and learn new skills
- Slums
  - Crowded urban area where people live in inadequate housing and living conditions
  - Lack
    - Clean water supply
    - reliable sanitation
    - Reliable electricity
    - Waste collection
    - Roads and streetlights
  - Over 1 billion people live in slums
  - Causes
    - Rural-urban migration
    - Unemployment
    - Poor urban planning
    - Poor infrastructure
- UK
  - Types of Urbanisation
    - Re-urbanisation
      - Aims
        Bring derelict lands and buildings back to use
        
        Build new homes
        
        Encourage investment in a new job
        
        Improve quality of life for residents
        
        Improve environment
    - sub urbanisation
      - Move out of of the city into residental areas
      - Causes
        High population density and congestion
        
        Less Pollution
        
        Cheaper
        
        Idea better life near countryside
        
        Easier to get to and from work nowadays
        Urban Sprawl
        Caused green belt in 1947
    - Counter urbanisation
      - Old urban areas neglected and deteriorated
  - Birmingham
    - population 1,100,000
    - Transport
      - air
        good access to country and world
      - rail
        good access to country and world
      - road
    - Connections to world
      - Balti curry was invented here, with origins from Pakistan
      - Jewellery Quarter is largest jewellery quarter in Europe
      - 12,000 international students study in Birmingham
    - Bullring

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Urban Futures

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