US foreign policy 1890
- Created by: thisisboring23
- Created on: 07-01-23 08:58
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- USA: Foreign Policy
- Laissez-faire
- Little government intervention e.g., little business regulations
- Allows businesses to build and set up monopolies over industry
- Monopolies would gain increasing amounts of power and influence in US politics
- Linked to Social Darwinism
- businesses better adapted to US economy would survive whereas smaller, weaker businesses would not
- Allows businesses to build and set up monopolies over industry
- Linked to Isolationsim
- A post civil war belief
- Little government intervention e.g., little business regulations
- Monroe Doctrine
- A term by President James Monroe 1823
- There are 4 main parts
- US would not interfere in European affairs
- US recognised and would not interfere with existing colonies in the US
- There would be no future colonisation of the Americas
- If a European power tried to interfere in the Americas, the US would see it as an act of hostility towards the US
- Could be seen as successful because of Mexico
- Emperor Napoleon 3 of France tried to establish a monarchy led by Archduke Maximilian of Austria in Mexico.
- The US was in the middle of a Civil War but protested immediately
- When the war was over, the US stationed troops to the Mexican border and insisted on the removal of the French Army. The French left in 1867
- Maximilian was overthrown in June 1867 and executed
- When the war was over, the US stationed troops to the Mexican border and insisted on the removal of the French Army. The French left in 1867
- The US was in the middle of a Civil War but protested immediately
- Emperor Napoleon 3 of France tried to establish a monarchy led by Archduke Maximilian of Austria in Mexico.
- Manifest Destiny
- The belief that America had the right to expand across the continent. It was destiny
- Helps fuel western settlement, the removal of Native Americans and war with Mexico
- Term from John O’Sullivan in 1845
- US in 1890
- Turner releases his ‘Turner Thesis’
- Says the Frontier is closed and America was now a nation.
- Territorial consolidation has been achieved
- Millions of new immigrants mobilised a new workforce
- Turner releases his ‘Turner Thesis’
- Conflicts with other nations
- Britain
- Dispute over US-Canada border
- Agreements in 1842 and 1846 only covered eastern canada
- 3 things made people worry about tensions with America
- Red River Colony: Seemed the ideal place for settlement and development. Would mean that America’s control would go north into Canada
- Fenian Raids: Between 1866 and 1871 there were 5 raids into Canada by the Fenian brotherhood. America was slow to take action.
- The province of British Columbia: Stood in the way of US and Alaska.
- many think it will join US voluntarily. But Canadian Confederacy promises to build railroad to connect it to the rest of Canada
- 3 things made people worry about tensions with America
- Agreements in 1842 and 1846 only covered eastern canada
- Supported the Confederacy during the Civil war
- Dispute over US-Canada border
- Britain
- The Indian wars
- The Native Americans were seen as a barrier to the West
- The west had become more appealing due to lucrative land and materials found e.g., the California gold rush in 1849
- Depicted as culturally and racially inferior
- Grant tries to end the conflict between white settlers and Native Americans by a policy of Assimilation
- Most of those who dealt with the Native Americans were Christians (Quakers)
- Could be seen as unsuccessful
- In 1883 code of Indian offences described ‘evil practises’ that were made illegal including traditional Native American dances, feats and funeral practises
- Still massacres on both sides
- When America broke their treaty with the Lakota Sioux and penetrated the Black hills because of the 1875 Lakota Land Rush, they start war
- General Custer and his men killed at Little Big-horn
- Afterwards, the Cheyenne, Sioux, Nez Perce and Comanche tribes were heavily supressed
- Wounded Knee 1890 marks the end of this conflict
- The Great Sioux Reservation was broken up into 5 smaller reservations under the supervision of the BIA and the Lakota were moved to poor farming land
- Faced with starvation the Sioux turned to the Ghost Dance (a religious ceremony based in a prophecy of the end of white domination)
- December 28th on the banks of Wounded Knee creek, 153 Sioux were shot dead along with 25 US troops killed by friendly fire
- marks the end of the Sioux rebellion
- December 28th on the banks of Wounded Knee creek, 153 Sioux were shot dead along with 25 US troops killed by friendly fire
- Faced with starvation the Sioux turned to the Ghost Dance (a religious ceremony based in a prophecy of the end of white domination)
- The Great Sioux Reservation was broken up into 5 smaller reservations under the supervision of the BIA and the Lakota were moved to poor farming land
- General Custer and his men killed at Little Big-horn
- When America broke their treaty with the Lakota Sioux and penetrated the Black hills because of the 1875 Lakota Land Rush, they start war
- The Native Americans were seen as a barrier to the West
- Laissez-faire
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