virtual relationships mindmap
- Created by: aryan26
- Created on: 06-02-19 20:00
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- virtual relationships
- self disclosure occurs faster- less risk of rejection or info being leaked to friends
- Walther- hyperpersonal model
- self disclosure happens earlier so relationships become more intense and feel more meaningful quickly
- feel more intimate as it is easier to manipulate self disclosure online
- ppts in online conversations have more time to edit a response to present themselves in a positive light- 'selective self-presentation'
- positive self image means the partner wants to disclose more so the intensity increases
- Rubin- like stranger on the train phenomenon suggest we share ore because we aren't likely to see them again
- Sproull& kiesler- reduced cues theory
- online relationships may be less honest as we cant rely on subtle cues e.g. facial expressions and tone
- reduction in cues= de-inviduation because it removes feelings of individual identity and brings on behaviors people usually refrain from
- may make online communications more aggressive- leads to less disclosure as fear of verbal abuse
- absence of gating
- attraction in real life is influenced by mannerisms, appearance and factors like age and ethnicity
- online these 'gates' are removed so shy less attractive people have more opportunities
- even when the relationship moves to face-to-face they rarely decrease an already developed attraction
- research examining
- Whitty&Joinson- in online forums both qs and answers tend to be more direct than everyday face-to-face interactions
- Rosenfield& Thomas- importance of online communication for developing relationships
- investigated whether there was a link between internet access at home and a romantic relationship
- of 4000 ppts 71.8% of those with internet access were married or had a romantic partner- only 35.9% without access
- investigated whether there was a link between internet access at home and a romantic relationship
- Baker&Oswold- absence of gating is useful for shy people
- 2017 male and female ppts. completed a questionnaire scoring answers in terms of shyness, internet use and perception of quality of friendships
- those who scored highly on internet use and shyness perceived quality of friendships as high
- Zhao- absence of gating improves offline relationships by enhancing overall self image
- evaluation
- supported by research
- Paine et al: degree of disclosure depends on whether a website user anticipates the info to become available to a wider audience
- people present an edited version of themselves to create a socially desirable identity.
- people are involved both online and offline relationships everyday. offline relationship influence online ones and vice vesa
- this means there are fewer differences than explanations suggest
- Sproull&Kiesler- disclosure can often decrease due to lack of cues- leads to increased aggression and people don't want to disclose to aggressive peopel
- rejected by Tidwell&Walther- virtual relationships have subtle clue e.g. time taken to respond or emojis
- issues and debates
- Nakanishi- compared to american culture women in japan preferred lower disclosure
- based on western technologically advanced cultures
- gender differences- McKenna et al: women rated relationships formed online as more intimate and valued disclosure in regards to emotion more highly than men
- men preferred activity based disclosure and rated online relationships as less close than face-to-face ones
- shows alpha bias- assumes male and female experiences are different. experiences may be similar but methodological weaknesses exaggerate them
- issues and debates
- Nakanishi- compared to american culture women in japan preferred lower disclosure
- based on western technologically advanced cultures
- gender differences- McKenna et al: women rated relationships formed online as more intimate and valued disclosure in regards to emotion more highly than men
- men preferred activity based disclosure and rated online relationships as less close than face-to-face ones
- shows alpha bias- assumes male and female experiences are different. experiences may be similar but methodological weaknesses exaggerate them
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