Water Insecurity Risk
- Created by: eviedeehan
- Created on: 11-03-24 09:19
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- Water Insecurity Risk
- privatisation
- governments often charge a fee for access to water - but this has been passed on to external businesses and therefore residents have to pay more to make the investment of these businesses cost effective
- Agua del Tunari company took over water in Bolivia in 1999
- raised the prices until they were the equivalent to 20% average income
- 95% of people had access to water - the poorest communities could not afford it and so attached water to their homes illegally - protests for 4 days until the contract was cancelled
- Water Poverty Index - 2002
- Principle 1 - quality, quantity and availability of water resources
- Principle 2 - accessibility in terms of distance from water safe to drink, cook, industrial and agricultural use
- Principle 3 - how affordable the water is and how effective the water management techniques are
- Principle 4 - different proportions of water use in terms of domestic, agriculture and industry
- Principle 5 - environmental sustainability in terms of the wider ecosystem
- economic - industry
- water supply needs to be of high quality and quantity for consistent industrial productivity
- global demand needs to increase by 400% 2000 - 2050 for industry as it is increasing
- pollution because of poor management of waste products is a threat that could lead to significantly reduced water supplies
- economic - energy supply
- combustion of fossil fuels - needs water in the form of steam to turn turbines that generates electricity
- as need for electricity increases and standards of living improve - demanding more energy
- economic - agriculture
- 60% more food by 2050 to feed the ever growing populations
- 2050 - food production will need 140% more water than it does currently - not sustainable
- human wellbeing - sanitation and health
- limited access to clean water - increases the risk of disease and illness e.g Cholera
- 335,000 children die of waterborne diseases in Nigeria a year and girls have to miss education during menstruation due to lack of water for sanitation
- locals take out loans to cover the medical expenses and this can lead to debt
- positive correlation between GDP per capita and access to safe water
- privatisation
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