William Gladstone mindmap
- Created by: E221
- Created on: 04-04-23 12:10
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- Gladstone
- Son of Liverpool shipping merchant
- Used to be a Conservative
- Board of Trade under Peel's government
- Admired Peel --> 'my great teacher and master in public affairs'
- Became a Peelite when the party split
- Joined Liberal Party
- Served 4 terms as PM
- Joined Liberal Party
- Board of Trade under Peel's government
- Gladstonian Liberalism
- 'peace, retrenchment and reform'
- Maintaining peace would provide economic advantage
- Rivals USA, France and Prussia at war
- Taxation seen as depriving people of freedom to spend
- Wished to see the day 'income tax would be abolished'
- Introducing reform to benefit people and allow them to act freely
- Maintaining peace would provide economic advantage
- Laissez-Faire and self-help
- Influenced by political philosophers e.g. John Stuart Mill
- Liberty and freedom of the individual, religious toleration, free trade
- 'peace, retrenchment and reform'
- Social reform
- 1871 Trade Union Act
- 1871 Criminal Law Amendment Act
- Made any form of picketing illegal
- Arguably Gladstone's worst decision as PM as it lost him working-class support
- Made any form of picketing illegal
- Established legal right of unions to hold funds and property
- Right to strike
- 1871 Criminal Law Amendment Act
- 1870 Forster's Education Act
- Provision of elementary schools
- Issues over religious education as C of E continued to run its own schools
- School boards set up
- Control over attendance and fees but had to pay fees for poor children
- 1870 Civil Service Reform
- Entrance exams
- Principle of meritocracy
- Entrance exams
- 1871-3 Cardwell's Army Reforms
- Made Commander-in-Chief answerable to gov
- Abolition of system of purchasing commissions
- Promotion based on merit
- 1872 Reform of Licensing Laws
- Gave magistrates power to issue licenses to publicans, to fix open hours and prevent tampering with beer
- Unpopular with beerage and temperance groups
- 1869 women ratepayers given vote in local elections
- 1870 Married Women's Property Act
- Gave married women legal status and allowed them to keep a proportion of their earnings
- 1885 Age of consent raised to 16
- 1871 Trade Union Act
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