African Americans & The Gilded Age


	African Americans & The Gilded Age
	Advantages Literacy Improved (1865=5% 1895=50%) Rise in African American religious organisations, banks, insurance schemes, societies & companies By 1900 47,000 African American proffesionals: doctors, lawyers, teachers & artists	Disadvantages Growth of segregated transport from 1881. Beginning in Tennessee railcars. Booker T. Washington approved as means to boost black identity Plessy v. Ferguson supported segregation legally Segregated districts common in North and South, Chicago 5,000 African Americans, Harlem 23,000 Exclusion from voting through registration qualifiers, 'grandfather clauses' and tax 1901, last black congressman George H. White retired leaving no african americans in Congress Mob rule grew in the South, violence and lynchings ignored by authorities Most African Americans lacked expertise and capital necessary to emigrate West, 40,000 still did Number of false arrests and imprisonments, disproportionate number of African Americans in chain gangs and labour camps, seen by many as a means of controlling
	Evaluation Very negative period for African Americans, little development, often ending up in a position almost akin to slavery

Literacy Improved (1865=5% 1895=50%)
Rise in African American religious organisations, banks, insurance schemes, societies & companies
By 1900 47,000 African American proffesionals: doctors, lawyers, teachers & artists

Growth of segregated transport from 1881. Beginning in Tennessee railcars. Booker T. Washington approved as means to boost black identity
Plessy v. Ferguson supported segregation legally
Segregated districts common in North and South, Chicago 5,000 African Americans, Harlem 23,000
Exclusion from voting through registration qualifiers, 'grandfather clauses' and tax
1901, last black congressman George H. White retired leaving no african americans in Congress
Mob rule grew in the South, violence and lynchings ignored by authorities
Most African Americans lacked expertise and capital necessary to emigrate West, 40,000 still did
Number of false arrests and imprisonments, disproportionate number of African Americans in chain gangs and labour camps, seen by many as a means of controlling

Very negative period for African Americans, little development, often ending up in a position almost akin to slavery

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