A2 Psychology- Dysfunctional Behavior

Diagnosis- DSM & ICD

Diagnostic tools used in the Western World.

ICD-10= The International Classification of Diseases-

Published by WHO ('World health organisation')
Existing its 10th revision
Consists of 10 main groups
Diagnoses mental and physical disorders
Lists a disorder and a number of symptoms of associated with the disorer- allowing for either a confident or fairly confident diagnosis to take place.
Has 10/11 categories and the criterea for 100 disorders

DSM= Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-

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Evaluation of tools-

3 main reasons for using the systems....1. Aids communication between professionals 2. Allows groups to be compared so the causes fo disorders can be researched 3. Helps provide best treatment.
Reliability- Do all psychiatirists use the same systems and get the same diagnosis?? (Pedersen et al- 71% NOT 100!)
Validity- Does the system allow for correct doagnosis??===> draw back to AS what did Rosenhan find? Type 1 errors until pointed out then type 2 errors.
Usefullness- Gives us a base. What if we didn't have the systems? How would we diagnose?

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Abnormal Psychology

Statistical infreqrency- 'abnormality' is used to refer to behvaiors that are not seen regulary in everyday activity e.g exceptionally high IQ.

Deviation from social norms- if society does not see the behavior as normal then it is dysfunctional, suffers from ethnocentrism.

Failure to function adequetly- behaviours that prevent an individual from living an independent life.

Deviation from ideal mental health- idea of good mental health is subjective to cultures, i,e. Jahodas criterea is very western.

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Sex bias in the diagnosis of disorders

Aim- to find out if practioners were sterotyping genders when diagosing disorders.

Method-

Self report- health practioners were given scenarios and asked to make daignoses based on the information
IV= Gender of patient

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