application of theories in childcare settings

Psychodynamic; influenced the way practitioners help children to deal with stressful events in their life. Freud and Erikson though that unresolved issues in the early stages of development could affect a persons ability to cope in later life. Childhood experiences are responsible for development and set a foundation for later development. Behaviour driven by ID, Ego and Super Ego. treatment from practitioners could affect child in later life. child care practitioners should encourage children to act out and do creative activities to express emotions. Books and tops can help to prepare for big events in life - going to the hospital, flying etc.. Children may show regression in times of stress and use defense mechanisms.

Influenced the way childcare practitioners view a childs learning and the way they are taught. In order to learn fully children must be given the opportunity to explore their environment and senses. they will need to allow children plenty of scope for different experiences. constructivists emphasise the importance of the role of social influence on childrens learning. they need social interactions for intellectual growth and devlopment. must allow children to resolve any conflicts they have for themselves. key message is to support and promote learning. Main role of practitioner is to provide opportunities for play and learning with a range of materials  - this allows the stages (accomodation, assimilations etc..)

practitioners should use positive reinforcement -smiling, praise and encouragement, stickers and rewards. behaviour that is rewarded will be repeated and others will follow this example. everytime the child behaves in a appropriate way they should be rewarded and this will establish an appropriate behaviour pattern, however they should not encourage and reward bad behaviour - giving into tantrums etc.. this will reinforce negative behaviour.

Child care practitioners will usually be role models for the child and need to lead as an example, therefore they should show appropriate behaviour and should set example e.g when asking children to wash their hands before lunch they should do the same. childrenw ill learn behaviours and skills for practitioners like communication skills and other behaviours.Banduras bobo doll study proves that children imitate behaviour. if a child see's another child being rewarded for good behaviour they may be motivated to change their behaviour too as they want to be rewarded also.