AQA A2 Sociology Unit 4 - Crime and Deviance - Globalisation

Held et al - Worldwide Interconnectiveness from culture to crime 

Reasons for Globalisation

• Influence of Mass Media, Cheap Air Travel, Open Markets in Developing Markets

Types of Global Crimes - Trafficking, Drug trade, Smuggling

Supply and Demand - Demand from the west = Supply from the impoverished and poor

Taylor et al - Capitalism, Globalisation and Crime

• Opportunity for crime increased, low wage companies moved to make the most profit

Patterns of Employment - Expolitation of the labour force = child labour

Criminal Organisations 

• Hobbs and Duningham - Economic changes through globalisation 
• Subcultures create global links to crime (GLOCAL) 

Green Crime

• Crimes against the enviroment 
• Beck - Global Risk Society - Man made damages that cause harm to the enviroment
• White - Harms to the enviroment - any harm to animals or the enviroment = criminal

Two views to harm 

• Anthropecentric - human right to dominate planet
• Ecocentric - humans need the enviroment to survive

South - Types of green crime

• Primary - Direct result of distruction
• Secondary - Government breaking regulations

Evaluations

• Importance of enviromental Issues (On an International scale)
• Need to address the risks of enviromental damage by humans 

Illegal or devant acts - Genocide, War Crimes, Torture, Assassination 

McLaughlin - Polictical Crimes or Crimes by Security

Large scale crimes = governemnt

State crimes and Human Rights

• Natural Rights - Simply by virtue have the right to life and free speech
• Civil Rights - Right to vote and to privacy

Cohen 

• Culture of denial to conceal human rights (Matza's Techniques of Neutralisation in denial)

Evaluations

• Transnational crimes through globalisation 
• State Crimes are committed by governments 

Social Construction of Reality

• Williams and Dickinson - 30% of newpapers = crime related
• leads to Overpresentation of crimes, Exaggeration of success and Risk of victimisation

News Values

• Gate keepers - give access to the public on specific infomation 
• Give a distorted picture of crime (taboldization of journalism)
• Cohen & Young - Social processes - Immediacy, Dramatisation & High status

Fictional representation of crime - 25% of Tv is devoted to crime - Violence = overepresented

• Stuart Hall - supportive of capitalism - rank news due to authority of person
• Moral Panic - Demonize member of the public (Stan Cohen Folk Devils)

Evaluations

• Link to globalisation - types of crime, supply and demand, opportunity for crime, GLOCAL