C2 Chapter 4 Summary

Key points:

• Everything we use comes from the Earth's crust, atmospher or oceans
• Earth consists of the crust, mantle. outer core + inner core
• Atmosphere = mixture of gases around the Earth - mainly nitrogen + oxyen - smaller amounts of argon and Carbon dioxide
• Sedimentary rocks fom as a result of weathering,erosion, transport, deposition + compaction / cementation
• Sedimentary rocks have seperate grains - are porous - most are soft
• Igneous rocks forms when liquid rock freezes - consists of crystals - are non-porous, hard + durable
• Metamorphic rocks form when heating, high pressure, or both change existing rock - consist of crystals - are non - porous 
• rock cycle shows how materials in rock are recycled over millions of years
• Huge forces inside the Earth push rocks upwards to form mountains - this is called an uplift
• Carbon stores include the atmosphere, oceans, sedimentary rocks, fossil fuels + organisms
• Carbon cycle shows how carbon compounds enter + leave carbon stores
• The concentration of Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing due to deforestation and burning fossil fuels
• Extra carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes climate change
• Recyling involves collecting + processing materials that have been used to make new objects