citizenship paper 2 immigration and identity

• london and parliment are centrilised 
• identity within the nations and regions of the uk, for example scotland have a diffrent education and legal system
• Northern Nreland  
• exsistence is 1921
• divided becuse of culture
• unionlists who support northen ireland adn the union within the UK
• nationalists support ireland
• identity is based upon culture and follows 2 strands within society:
• differing sports 
• supports irish language and does not support it 
• Wales
• identity factors are the culture
• and the importance of rugby and Eisteddfod
• England
• regions and counties have tradidtions and cultral identities 
• counties life yorkshire and lancashire promote their own identities 

• as more people are migrating to the UK the identity factors may not be so important
• the impact on the debate has led to growth od devolution:
• scotland have their own parliment
• northern ireland and wales have their own asseblies 
• this means that people can decide the impact on their lives in their own nation

• since 1973 the UK has been a member of the EU
• and over time many people from europe have moved to the UK for work and live.
• nearly 1.2 million citizens live and work in the EU

• the imapct of changing population has varied
• in the 19th century there was a large scale movement in the UK from the countryside to the city's this grew the towns into cities
• Manchester grew by 600% between 1771 and 1831
• in the 20th century many towns and cities have seen changing patterns of movement

for:

• cheap labour 
• hepls overcome labour shortages
• immigrants prepared to do unskilled jobs 
• some highly skilled
• cultural diversity 

against

• language problems
• rasical tesions 
• jobs lost to community workers. 
• by employing high skilles migrant labour the goverment avoids costs in developing UK skills base
• pressure on housing and local services 
• limitededucation in immigration population

• David Cameron made a speech claiming multicultrlism had failed.
• he said the UK need a clear sense of shared national identity
• he outlined the values assosiated with this: 
• freedom of speech 
• freedom of worship 
• democracy 
• the rule of law 
• equal rights 

it is important to remeber that the values have limits

• freedom of speech no total freedom as there is a legal limit 
• freedom of worship - there is freedom to worship and to not to worship 
• democracy - citizens can decide thereselvles who they want for the next goverment 
• the rule of law - all citizens are equal before the law and have equal access 
• equal rights - all citizens have there rights protected 

David cameron needed to change things but to he had to make some practical things happen:

• immigrants should speak english 
• britishness classes and british history shouldbe taught 
• the national citiznehsip service was introduces for 16 year olds 
• developing the nature of the concept of the big society 

the concept of multiculturalism has underpinned the nature of the UK since 1945.

• multicultrulism refers to the idea of differing peoples and groupsliving alongside each other in harmony and having respect for their cultral and relgious diffrences.
• options for the future:
• ethnic groups integrated into wider society.they begin to infulence and then it envolves 
• the ethnic groups integrate into society and have there own culture as well as taking on a nother and then they have a multiple identity 
• ethic groups only have there own culture and refuse a diffrent one

key word

nature V nurture - a debate about weather a person's personality and identity are most affected by their biological backgroud or by the way i which they were brought up 

• people gain identity in diffrent ways
• some people study their biological backgroup which others sutdy how they were brougth up. 
• the debate envolves around the 2 aspects

group identity

• relates to groups in border sense that one is associated.
• it can be a peer group is formal or informal and supporting a team a nd belonging to an organisation 

multiple identity 

• relates toa person at a diffrent time and in diffrent situations may adopt a identity
• example: Manchester united supporter comes from pakistani and supports Pakistani agains england cricket 

keyword 

citizenship - a legal action coffered by a state upon members of the sate indication their membership of the state

important things if someone wants to be british:

• to have british citizenship
• to have been born in Britain 
• to have lived here for most of your life 
• to repect political insitutions and laws
• to be able to speak english
• to be a christian 
• to feel british 
• to have british ancestry 
• to share customs/traditions

the UK is more complex as it has four identies and mroe values